บทความเกี่ยวกับสิ่งมีชีวิตนี้ เนื่องจากไม่มีชื่อสามัญเป็นภาษาไทย |
Nepenthes gracilis (มาจากภาษาละติน: gracilis = ผอมบาง, ยาวเรียว) หรือมีอีกชื่อหนึ่งว่า Slender Pitcher-Plant เป็นหม้อข้าวหม้อแกงลิงพื้นราบธรรมดาที่กระจายตัวไปทั่วหมู่เกาะซุนดา โดยมีผู้บันทึกพบบนเกาะบอร์เนียว, ประเทศกัมพูชา,มาเลเซียตะวันตก, สิงคโปร์, เกาะซูลาเวซี, เกาะสุมาตรา และประเทศไทย มีหม้อที่ไม่มีอะไรโดดเด่นด้วยเพอริสโตมที่บางมากและรูปร่างที่ไม่มีอะไรพิเศษ แม้จะเป็นหม้อข้าวหม้อแกงลิงที่มีการกระจายตัวที่กว้าง แต่ลูกผสมทางธรรมชาติระหว่าง N. gracilis และหม้อข้าวหม้อแกงลิงชนิดอื่นกับหาได้ยาก
Nepenthes gracilis | |
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หม้อ Nepenthes gracilis จากรัฐตรังกานู มาเลเซียตะวันตก | |
สถานะการอนุรักษ์ | |
การจำแนกชั้นทางวิทยาศาสตร์ | |
โดเมน: | ยูแคริโอต |
อาณาจักร: | พืช |
เคลด: | พืชมีท่อลำเลียง |
เคลด: | พืชดอก |
เคลด: | พืชใบเลี้ยงคู่แท้ |
อันดับ: | คาร์เนชัน |
วงศ์: | หม้อข้าวหม้อแกงลิง |
สกุล: | หม้อข้าวหม้อแกงลิง (1839) |
สปีชีส์: | Nepenthes gracilis |
ชื่อทวินาม | |
Nepenthes gracilis (1839) | |
ชื่อพ้อง | |
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Nepenthes gracilis ยังมีชื่อพื้นเมืองอื่น ๆ อีกดังนี้: หม้อข้าวหม้อแกงลิง (ใต้,นราธิวาส) , หม้อใบไผ่
ลักษณะทางพฤกษศาสตร์
Nepenthes gracilis มีลำต้นทรงสามเหลี่ยมยาวไม่เกิน 6 มม. หนาไม่เกิน 5 มม. ระยะระหว่างปล้องไม่เกิน 10 ซม. แผ่นใบหนาเหมือนภาพยนตร์ยาวไม่เกิน 12 ซม. กว้างไม่เกิน 2 ซม. ใบเรียวแหลมไม่มีก้านใบ สายดิ่งยาว 15 ซม.
หม้อล่างก้นหม้อเป็นกระเปาะ สูงไม่เกิน 10 ซม. กว้างไม่เกิน 3 ซม. ช่วงบน 2 ใน 3 ส่วนของหม้อเป็นทรงกระบอกแคบ มีปีก 1 คู่ กว้างไม่เกิน 3 มม. ด้านหน้า ปากหม้อกลม เพอริสโตมเล็กมากหนาไม่เกิน 3 มม. ไม่มีฟัน ฝาหม้อกลม เดือยขั้วเดี่ยวหลังฝายาวไม่เกิน 3 มม. บริเวณที่มีต่อมผลิตน้ำย่อยปกคลุมผนังด้านใน 1 ใน 4 ส่วนบริเวณก้นหม้อ หม้อมีสีเขียว ,แดงจนถึงดำ สามารถแตกโคนเป็นหม้อผุดได้ หม้อบนไม่มีปีก
ช่อดอกเป็นแบบช่อกระจะเดี่ยว ก้านช่อยาวไม่เกิน 5 ซม. ช่อดอกยาวไม่เกิน 20 ซม. ก้านดอกยาวไม่เกิน 10 มม. กลีบดอกตัวเมียรูปไข่ ส่วนกลีบดอกตัวผู้รูปปลายหอกยาวไม่เกิน 5 มม.
อนุกรมวิธาน
ในปี ค.ศ. 2001 ชาร์ลส์ คลาร์ก (Charles Clarke) ได้ทำการวิเคราะห์ลำดับชั้นบนพื้นฐานของการวิวัฒนาการชาติพันธุ์ของ หม้อข้าวหม้อแกงลิง บนเกาะสุมาตราและเพนนิซูล่า มาเลเซีย โดยใช้รูปร่างลักษณะ 70 ลักษณะของอนุกรมวิธาน ตามส่วนของที่ได้ แสดงในส่วนของ "เครือบรรพบุรุษที่ 6 (Clade 6)" และ มีส่วนเหมือนถึง 79%
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หน่วยอนุกรมวิธานต่ำกว่าระดับชนิด
- Nepenthes gracilis f. angustifolia () Hort.Westphal (1993)
- Nepenthes gracilis var. angustifolia () Hort.Weiner in sched. (1985)
- Nepenthes gracilis var. arenaria ex (1908)
- Nepenthes gracilis var. elongata (1852)
- Nepenthes gracilis var. longinodis (1895)
- Nepenthes gracilis var. major Hort.Van Houtte ex Rafarin (1869)
- Nepenthes gracilis var. teysmanniana () (1895)
ลูกผสมตามธรรมชาติ
ลูกผสมทางทางธรรมชาติของ N. gracilis ที่ถูกบันทึกไว้มีดังนี้
- N. albomarginata × N. gracilis
- N. ampullaria × N. gracilis [=N. × trichocarpa]
- (N. ampullaria × N. gracilis) × N. bicalcarata [=N. × trichocarpa × N. bicalcarata]
- N. bicalcarata × N. gracilis [=N. × cantleyi]
- ? × N. gracilis
- N. gracilis × N. mirabilis [=N. × sharifah-hapsahii, N. × ghazallyana, N. × grabilis, N. neglecta?]
- N. gracilis × N. northiana [=N. × bauensis]
- N. gracilis × N. rafflesiana
- N. gracilis × N. reinwardtiana
- N. gracilis × N. sumatrana
ระเบียงภาพ
- N. albomarginata × N. gracilis
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- ? N. eustachya × N. gracilis
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- N. gracilis × N. rafflesiana
- N. gracilis × N. sumatrana
อ้างอิง
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แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น
- วิกิมีเดียคอมมอนส์มีสื่อเกี่ยวกับ Nepenthes gracilis
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Nepenthes distillatoria auct non L Jack 1835 Nepenthes distillatoria auct non L Wall 1828 N distillatoria N gracilis Miq 1858 Lindl 1848 Nepenthes laevis Korth ex Hook f in DC 1873 Nepenthes longinodis 1895 Nepenthes obrieniana Linden amp Rodigas 1890 N gracilis N rafflesiana N distillatoria N gracilis N mirabilis Nepenthes teysmanniana Miq 1858 N albomarginata N gracilis Nepenthes gracilis yngmichuxphunemuxngxun xikdngni hmxkhawhmxaekngling it nrathiwas hmxibiphlksnathangphvkssastrNepenthes gracilis milatnthrngsamehliymyawimekin 6 mm hnaimekin 5 mm rayarahwangplxngimekin 10 sm aephnibhnaehmuxnphaphyntryawimekin 12 sm kwangimekin 2 sm iberiywaehlmimmikanib saydingyaw 15 sm hmxlangknhmxepnkraepaa sungimekin 10 sm kwangimekin 3 sm chwngbn 2 in 3 swnkhxnghmxepnthrngkrabxkaekhb mipik 1 khu kwangimekin 3 mm danhna pakhmxklm ephxrisotmelkmakhnaimekin 3 mm immifn fahmxklm eduxykhwediywhlngfayawimekin 3 mm briewnthimitxmphlitnayxypkkhlumphnngdanin 1 in 4 swnbriewnknhmx hmxmisiekhiyw aedngcnthungda samarthaetkokhnepnhmxphudid hmxbnimmipik chxdxkepnaebbchxkracaediyw kanchxyawimekin 5 sm chxdxkyawimekin 20 sm kandxkyawimekin 10 mm klibdxktwemiyrupikh swnklibdxktwphurupplayhxkyawimekin 5 mm xnukrmwithaninpi kh s 2001 charls khlark Charles Clarke idthakarwiekhraahladbchnbnphunthankhxngkarwiwthnakarchatiphnthukhxng hmxkhawhmxaekngling bnekaasumatraaelaephnnisula maelesiy odyichrupranglksna 70 lksnakhxngxnukrmwithan tamswnkhxngthiid aesdnginswnkhxng ekhruxbrrphburusthi 6 Clade 6 aela miswnehmuxnthung 79 unnamed N gracilisN reinwardtianaunnamed N tobaica79 hnwyxnukrmwithantakwaradbchnidNepenthes gracilis f angustifolia Hort Westphal 1993 Nepenthes gracilis var angustifolia Hort Weiner in sched 1985 Nepenthes gracilis var arenaria ex 1908 Nepenthes gracilis var elongata 1852 Nepenthes gracilis var longinodis 1895 Nepenthes gracilis var major Hort Van Houtte ex Rafarin 1869 Nepenthes gracilis var teysmanniana 1895 lukphsmtamthrrmchatilukphsmthangthangthrrmchatikhxng N gracilis thithukbnthukiwmidngni N albomarginata N gracilis N ampullaria N gracilis N trichocarpa N ampullaria N gracilis N bicalcarata N trichocarpa N bicalcarata N bicalcarata N gracilis N cantleyi N gracilis N gracilis N mirabilis N sharifah hapsahii N ghazallyana N grabilis N neglecta N gracilis N northiana N bauensis N gracilis N rafflesiana N gracilis N reinwardtiana N gracilis N sumatranaraebiyngphaphN albomarginata N gracilis N ampullaria N gracilis N bicalcarata N gracilis N eustachya N gracilis N gracilis N mirabilis N gracilis N northiana N gracilis N rafflesiana N gracilis N sumatranaxangxingClarke C M 2018 Nepenthes gracilis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018 e T39663A143960417 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2018 1 RLTS T39663A143960417 en subkhnemux 19 November 2021 inphasadtch Korthals P W 1839 In C J Temminck 1839 1842 Verhandelingen over de Natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche overzeesche bezittingen Kruidkunde Leiden pp 1 44 t 1 4 13 15 20 22 Masters M T 1881 New garden plants Nepenthes angustifolia Mast sp nov The Gardeners Chronicle 16 408 524 inphasaeyxrmn Beck G 1895 Wiener Illustrirte Garten Zeitung 20 3 6 96 107 141 150 182 192 217 229 Phillipps A amp A Lamb 1996 Pitcher Plants of Borneo Natural History Publications Borneo Kota Kinabalu Mey F S 2016 The beautiful Nepenthes kampotiana x bokorensis Strange Fruits A Garden s Chronicle 5 October 2016 McPherson S R 2009 2 volumes Redfern Natural History Productions Poole McPherson S R amp A Robinson 2012 Redfern Natural History Productions Poole McPherson S R amp A Robinson 2012 Redfern Natural History Productions Poole inphasaxitali Catalano M 2010 Prague McPherson S R amp A Robinson 2012 Redfern Natural History Productions Poole sanknganhxphrrnim chuxphrrnimaehngpraethsithy etm smitinnthn krungethphmhankhr krmxuthyanaehngchati stwpa aelaphnthuphuch 2549 Nepenthes gracilisneofarmthailand Clarke C M 2001 Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia Natural History Publications Borneo Kota Kinabalu Macfarlane J M 1908 In A Engler Das Pflanzenreich IV III Heft 36 1 91 inphasalatin Blume C L 1852 Ord Nepenthaceae In Museum Botanicum Lugduno Batavum sive stirpium exoticarum novarum vel minus cognitarum ex vivis aut siccis brevis expositio Tom II Nr 1 E J Brill Lugduni Batavorum pp 5 10 Clarke C M 1997 Natural History Publications Borneo Kota Kinabalu Fretwell S 2013 Back in Borneo to see giant Nepenthes Part 2 Mt Tambuyukon and Poring 108 6 15 Lee C C 2004 Nepenthes In Sarawak Bau Limestone Biodiversity H S Yong and E E L Yen eds The Sarawak Museum Journal Vol LIX No 80 Special Issue No 6 71 77 Tan WK Wong CL Frazier CK 1996 Nepenthes rafflesianaandgracilis Nature Malaysiana 21 82 85 Bednar B L 1985 Nepenthes dominii and var intermedia PDF 14 4 105 106 xanephimAdam J H 1997 Prey spectra of Bornean Nepenthes species Nepenthaceae in relation to their habitat PDF Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science 20 2 3 121 134 Adam J H amp C C Wilcock 1999 Palynological study 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