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เทพไททัน เป็นเทพสิบสององค์ที่เรืองอำนาจในช่วง (Golden Age) และถูกล้มล้างอำนาจไปโดยเทพโอลิมปัส (Olympian)
เทพไททันตามตำนานของชาวกรีก
ตามตำนานของชาวกรีกเป็นเทพรุ่นเก่าซึ่งถูกชิงอำนาจไปโดยเหล่าเทพโอลิมเปียน เหล่าเทพไททันเป็นบุตรของไกอา และยูเรนัส มีจำนวน 12 องค์ คือ 1. 2. 3. 4.ไฮพีเรียน 5. 6. 7.รีอา 8.ธีมิส 9. 10. 11.ทีธิส และ 12.โครนอส และในภายหลังได้มีการเพิ่ม ไดโอนี เข้ามาเป็นเทพีไททันองค์ที่ 13 ด้วย
เทพไททันเป็นหนึ่งในบรรดาลูกของไกอาที่ถูกยูเรนัสโยนลงไปในพื้นใต้พิภพ ไกอาเคียดแค้นกับการกระทำของยูเรนัสมาก จึงได้ชักชวนบุตรของตนให้รวมตัวกันล้มล้างอำนาจของยูเรนัส
โครนอสผู้เป็นบุตรองค์สุดท้องอาสาที่จะทำการกบฏนี้ และล้มล้างอำนาจของยูเรนัสได้สำเร็จ โครนัสจึงได้ชักชวนเหล่าเทพไททันอื่น ๆ ให้ขึ้นมาครอบครองพื้นพิภพ แต่ไม่ยอมช่วยเหล่าอสุรกายอัปลักษณ์ที่เป็นลูกตนอื่น ๆ ของไกอาขึ้นมาด้วย ไกอาจึงสาปแช่งให้โครนัสต้องถูกลูกของตนยึดอำนาจเช่นเดียวกับที่โครนัสได้ทำกับยูเรนัส คำสาปของไกอาประสบผลเมื่อเทพโอลิมเปียนได้ถือกำเนิดขึ้นและยึดอำนาจจากโครนัส
เทพไททันตามตำนานของชาวเพลาสเกียน
ตามตำนานของชาวเพลาสเกียนเทพไททันเป็นเทพรุ่นแรก มีอำนาจเหนือดวงดาวต่าง ๆ ในจักรวาล ถูกสร้างขึ้นโดยเทพี มีจำนวนทั้งหมด 12 องค์ คือ 1. 2.เทพไฮพีเรียน 3. 4. 5.เทพีไดโอนี 6. 7.เทพีธีมิส 8. 9.เทพีทีธิส 10. 11.เทพีรีอา 12.เทพโครนอส
โดยเทพีไธอาและเทพไฮพีเรียนครอบครองดวงอาทิตย์ เทพีฟีบีและเทพแอตลาสครอบครองดวงจันทร์ เทพีไดโอนีและเทพไครอัสครอบครองดาวพุธ เทพีธีมิสและเทพยูริมีดอนครอบครองดาวพฤหัสบดี เทพีทีธิสและเทพโอเชียนัสครอบครองดาวศุกร์ และเทพีรีอาและเทพโครนอสครอบครองดาวเสาร์
อ้างอิง
บรรณานุกรม
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- Fowler, R. L. (2013), Early Greek Mythography: Volume 2: Commentary, Oxford University Press, 2013. ISBN .
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- Hard, Robin, The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology: Based on H.J. Rose's "Handbook of Greek Mythology", Psychology Press, 2004, ISBN . Google Books.
- , Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion, second edition, Cambridge: , 1908. Internet Archive
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- Homer, The Iliad with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, Ph.D. in two volumes. Cambridge, Massachusetts, ; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- , in The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White, Cambridge, Massachusetts, ; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- , in The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White, Cambridge, Massachusetts, ; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- , in The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White, Cambridge, Massachusetts, ; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
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- , Hesiod, Theogony, Works and Days, Testimonia, Edited and translated by Glenn W. Most, No. 57, Cambridge, Massachusetts, , 2018. ISBN . Online version at Harvard University Press.
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bthkhwamniimmikarxangxingcakaehlngthimaidkrunachwyprbprungbthkhwamni odyephimkarxangxingaehlngthimathinaechuxthux enuxkhwamthiimmiaehlngthimaxacthukkhdkhanhruxlbxxk eriynruwacanasaraemaebbnixxkidxyangiraelaemuxir ethphiththn epnethphsibsxngxngkhthieruxngxanacinchwng Golden Age aelathuklmlangxanacipodyethphoxlimps Olympian ody 1596 1598 ethphiththntamtanankhxngchawkriktamtanankhxngchawkrikepnethphrunekasungthukchingxanacipodyehlaethphoxlimepiyn ehlaethphiththnepnbutrkhxngikxa aelayuerns micanwn 12 xngkh khux 1 2 3 4 ihphieriyn 5 6 7 rixa 8 thimis 9 10 11 thithis aela 12 okhrnxs aelainphayhlngidmikarephim idoxni ekhamaepnethphiiththnxngkhthi 13 dwy ethphiththnepnhnunginbrrdalukkhxngikxathithukyuernsoynlngipinphunitphiphph ikxaekhiydaekhnkbkarkrathakhxngyuernsmak cungidchkchwnbutrkhxngtnihrwmtwknlmlangxanackhxngyuerns okhrnxsphuepnbutrxngkhsudthxngxasathicathakarkbtni aelalmlangxanackhxngyuernsidsaerc okhrnscungidchkchwnehlaethphiththnxun ihkhunmakhrxbkhrxngphunphiphph aetimyxmchwyehlaxsurkayxplksnthiepnluktnxun khxngikxakhunmadwy ikxacungsapaechngihokhrnstxngthuklukkhxngtnyudxanacechnediywkbthiokhrnsidthakbyuerns khasapkhxngikxaprasbphlemuxethphoxlimepiynidthuxkaenidkhunaelayudxanaccakokhrnsethphiththntamtanankhxngchawephlasekiyntamtanankhxngchawephlasekiynethphiththnepnethphrunaerk mixanacehnuxdwngdawtang inckrwal thuksrangkhunodyethphi micanwnthnghmd 12 xngkh khux 1 2 ethphihphieriyn 3 4 5 ethphiidoxni 6 7 ethphithimis 8 9 ethphithithis 10 11 ethphirixa 12 ethphokhrnxs odyethphiithxaaelaethphihphieriynkhrxbkhrxngdwngxathity ethphifibiaelaethphaextlaskhrxbkhrxngdwngcnthr ethphiidoxniaelaethphikhrxskhrxbkhrxngdawphuth ethphithimisaelaethphyurimidxnkhrxbkhrxngdawphvhsbdi ethphithithisaelaethphoxechiynskhrxbkhrxngdawsukr aelaethphirixaaelaethphokhrnxskhrxbkhrxngdawesarxangxingbrrnanukrm in Aeschylus with an English translation by Herbert Weir Smyth Ph D in two volumes Vol 2 Cambridge Massachusetts 1926 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library Persians Seven against Thebes Suppliants Prometheus Bound Edited and translated by Alan H Sommerstein No 145 Cambridge Massachusetts 2009 ISBN 978 0 674 99627 4 Online version at Harvard University Press Apollodorus The Library with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer F B A F R S in 2 Volumes Cambridge Massachusetts London William Heinemann Ltd 1921 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library edited and translated by William H Race No 1 Cambridge Massachusetts 2009 ISBN 978 0 674 99630 4 Online version at Harvard University Press Archi Alsonso The Names of the Primeval Gods Orientalia Nova Series Vol 59 No 2 Die Artikel in diesem Heft sind Einar von Schuler gewidmet 28 10 1930 15 2 1990 1990 pp 114 29 JSTOR 43075881 The Seven Books of Arnobius Adversus Gentes translated by Archibald Hamilton Bryce and Hugh Campbell Edinburg T amp T Clark 1871 Internet Archive Athanaassakis Apostolos N and Benjamin M Wolkow The Orphic Hymns Johns Hopkins University Press First Printing edition 2013 ISBN 978 1421408828 Beckman Gary Intrinsic and Constructed Sacred Space in Hittite Anatolia in Heaven on Earth Temples Ritual and Cosmic Symbolism in the Ancient World edited by Deena Ragavan Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago Number 9 2013 pp 153 173 Bernabe Alberto 2002 La toile de Penelope a t il existe un mythe orphique sur Dionysos et les Titans Revue de l histoire des religions 219 4 401 433 Bernabe Alberto 2003 Autour du mythe orphique sur Dionysos et les Titans Quelque notes critiques in Des Geants a Dionysos Melanges offerts a F Vian D A P Chuvin Alessandria 25 39 Bremmer Jan N Greek Religion and Culture the Bible and the Ancient Near East Brill 2008 ISBN 978 90 04 16473 4 1985 Greek Religion 1985 ISBN 0 674 36281 0 1995 The Orientalizing Revolution Near Eastern Influence on Greek Culture in the Early Archaic Age translated by Walter Burkert Margaret E Pinder 1995 ISBN 0 674 64364 X Caldwell Richard Hesiod s Theogony Focus Publishing R Pullins Company 1987 ISBN 978 0 941051 00 2 Campbell David A Greek Lyric Volume IV Bacchylides Corinna No 461 Cambridge Massachusetts ISBN 978 0 674 99508 6 Online version at Harvard University Press The Exhortation to the Greeks The Rich Man s Salvation To the Newly Baptized Translated by G W Butterworth No 92 Cambridge Massachusetts 1919 ISBN 978 0 674 99103 3 Online version at Harvard University Press Internet Archive 1960 edition Library of History Volume III Books 4 59 8 Translated by No 340 Cambridge Massachusetts 1939 ISBN 978 0 674 99375 4 Online version at Harvard University Press Online version by Bill Thayer Edmonds Radcliffe 1999 Tearing Apart the Zagreus Myth A Few Disparaging Remarks On Orphism and Original Sin Classical Antiquity 18 1999 35 73 PDF 2011 04 14 thi ewyaebkaemchchin Edmonds Radcliffe 2008 Recycling Laertes Shroud More on Orphism and Original Sin 2020 09 20 thi ewyaebkaemchchin Center for Hellenic Studies Edmonds Radcliffe 2013 Redefining Ancient Orphism A Study in Greek Religion Cambridge New York Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 1 107 03821 9 Fowler R L 2000 Early Greek Mythography Volume 1 Text and Introduction Oxford University Press 2000 ISBN 978 0198147404 Fowler R L 2013 Early Greek Mythography Volume 2 Commentary Oxford University Press 2013 ISBN 978 0198147411 Early Greek Myth A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources Johns Hopkins University Press 1996 Two volumes ISBN 978 0 8018 5360 9 Vol 1 ISBN 978 0 8018 5362 3 Vol 2 Orpheus and Greek Religion A Study of the Orphic Movement Princeton University Press 1935 ISBN 978 0 691 02499 8 Grimal Pierre The Dictionary of Classical Mythology Wiley Blackwell 1996 ISBN 978 0 631 20102 1 Hansen William Handbook of Classical Mythology 2004 ISBN 978 1576072264 Hard Robin The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology Based on H J Rose s Handbook of Greek Mythology Psychology Press 2004 ISBN 978 0415186360 Google Books Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion second edition Cambridge 1908 Internet Archive in The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Cambridge Massachusetts London William Heinemann Ltd 1914 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library in The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G Evelyn White Cambridge Massachusetts London William Heinemann Ltd 1914 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library Homer The Iliad with an English Translation by A T Murray Ph D in two volumes Cambridge Massachusetts London William Heinemann Ltd 1924 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library in The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G Evelyn White Cambridge Massachusetts London William Heinemann Ltd 1914 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library in The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G Evelyn White Cambridge Massachusetts London William Heinemann Ltd 1914 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library in The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G Evelyn White Cambridge Massachusetts London William Heinemann Ltd 1914 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library in Apollodorus Libraryand Hyginus Fabulae Two Handbooks of Greek Mythology Translated with Introductions by R Scott Smith and Stephen M Trzaskoma Hackett Publishing Company 2007 ISBN 978 0 87220 821 6 Orphicorum Fragmenta Berlin 1922 Internet Archive The Arts of Orpheus Berkeley University of California Press 1941 Online version at HathiTrust Marsh Jenny Cassell s Dictionary of Classical Mythology Casell amp Co 2001 ISBN 0 304 35788 X Internet Archive Morford Mark P O Robert J Lenardon Classical Mythology Eighth Edition Oxford University Press 2007 ISBN 978 0 19 530805 1 Hesiod Theogony Works and Days Testimonia Edited and translated by Glenn W Most No 57 Cambridge Massachusetts 2018 ISBN 978 0 674 99720 2 Online version at Harvard University Press Nilsson Martin P Early Orphism and Kindred Religions Movements The Harvard Theological Review Vol 28 No 3 Jul 1935 pp 181 230 JSTOR 1508326 translated by I Books I XV No 344 Cambridge Massachusetts Harvard University Press London William Heinemann Ltd 1940 Internet Archive Ogden Daniel Drakōn Dragon Myth and Serpent Cult in the Greek and Roman Worlds Oxford University Press 2013 ISBN 978 0 19 955732 5 Ovid Metamorphoses Brookes More Boston Cornhill Publishing Co 1922 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library Parada Carlos Genealogical Guide to Greek Mythology Jonsered Paul Astroms Forlag 1993 ISBN 978 91 7081 062 6 Parker Robert 2002 Early Orphism in The Greek World edited by Anton Powell Routledge 2002 ISBN 978 1 134 69864 6 Parker Robert 2014 Review of Edmonds 2013 Bryn Mawr Classical Review BMCR 2014 07 13 Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W H S Jones Litt D and H A Ormerod M A in 4 Volumes Cambridge Massachusetts Harvard University Press London William Heinemann Ltd 1918 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library Odes Diane Arnson Svarlien 1990 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library Plato in Plato in Twelve Volumes Vol 12 translated by Harold N Fowler Cambridge Massachusetts Harvard University Press London William Heinemann Ltd 1925 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library Plato in Plato in Twelve Volumes Vol 9 translated by W R M Lamb Cambridge Massachusetts Harvard University Press London William Heinemann Ltd 1925 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library Plato in Plato in Twelve Volumes Vol 9 translated by W R M Lamb Cambridge Massachusetts Harvard University Press London William Heinemann Ltd 1925 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library Plutarch Moralia Volume XII Concerning the Face Which Appears in the Orb of the Moon On the Principle of Cold Whether Fire or Water Is More Useful Whether Land or Sea Animals Are Cleverer Beasts Are Rational On the Eating of Flesh Translated by Harold Cherniss W C Helmbold No 406 Cambridge Massachusetts Harvard University Press 1957 ISBN 978 0 674 99447 8 Online version at Harvard University Press Rutherford Ian Canonizing the Pantheon the Dodekatheon in Greek Religion and its Origins in The Gods of Ancient Greece Identities and Transformations editors Jan N Bremmer Andrew Erskine Edinburgh University Press 2010 ISBN 978 0748637980 Spineto Natale Models of the Relationship between God and Huma in Paganism in The Quest for a Common Humanity Human Dignity and Otherness in the Religious Traditions of the Mediterranean Brill 2011 ISBN 978 9004201651 s v Atlas s v Leto s v Prometheus s v Titan in and editors second edition Oxford University Press 1992 ISBN 0 19 869117 3 London 1873 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library Tripp Edward Crowell s Handbook of Classical Mythology Thomas Y Crowell Co First edition June 1970 ISBN 069022608X 1966 Hesiod Theogony Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 814169 6 1978 Hesiod Works and Days Clarendon Press ISBN 0 19 814005 3 1983 The Orphic Poems Clarendon Press ISBN 978 0 19 814854 8 1988 Hesiod TheogonyandWorks and Days Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 953831 7 1997 The East Face of Helicon West Asiatic Elements in Greek Poetry and Myth Oxford University Press ISBN 0198150423 2007 Indo European Poetry and Myth OUP Oxford 2007 ISBN 978 0199280759 Woodard Roger D Hesiod and Greek Myth in The Cambridge Companion to Greek Mythology edited by Roger Woodard Cambridge University Press 2007 ISBN 978 0521845205 aehlngkhxmulxunwikimiediykhxmmxnsmisuxekiywkb iththn wikisxrsminganthiekiywkhxngkb The Theogony of Hesiod bthkhwamkhwamechuxniyngepnokhrng khunsamarthchwywikiphiediyidodykarephimetimkhxmuldk