อันดับไก่ เป็นอันดับของสัตว์ปีกอันดับหนึ่ง ใช้ชื่อวิทยาศาสตร์ว่า Galliformes
อันดับไก่ ช่วงเวลาที่มีชีวิตอยู่: สมัยอีโอซีน-ปัจจุบัน, 55–0Ma [] อาจมีต้นกำเนิดนานกว่านี้ตาม | |
---|---|
ตามเข็มนาฬิกาจากซ้าย: นกยูงอินเดีย (Pavo cristatus), ไก่ป่า (Gallus gallus), ไก่ฟ้าสีทอง (Chrysolophus pictus), (Alectoris chukar), (Centrocercus minimus), (Meleagris gallopavo), (Crax rubra), ไก่ต๊อกหมวกเหล็ก (Numida meleagris) | |
การจำแนกชั้นทางวิทยาศาสตร์ | |
โดเมน: | ยูแคริโอต |
อาณาจักร: | สัตว์ |
ไฟลัม: | สัตว์มีแกนสันหลัง |
ชั้น: | สัตว์ปีก |
เคลด: | |
อันดับ: | อันดับไก่ , 1820 |
วงศ์ขยาย | |
| |
ชื่อพ้อง | |
Phasianiformes |
สัตว์ปีกหรือนกในนี้มีขนาดลำตัวตั้งแต่เล็กมากจนถึงใหญ่มาก ตั้งแต่ 12 – 223 เซนติเมตร จะงอยปากสั้น ปลายปากทู่ จะงอยปากบนโค้งเล็กน้อย รูจมูกไม่ทะลุถึงกัน ขาใหญ่ แข้งปกคลุมด้วยเกล็ดแบบเกล็ดซ่อน นิ้วหลังอยู่ในระดับเดียวกับนิ้วหน้า เล็บทู่ ปากสั้น ปลายปากมนและเว้าเข้าข้างใน ขนปลายปากแข็งและโค้ง มี 10 เส้น และมีขนกลางปากเส้นที่ 5 ขนหางมี 8 – 32 เส้น ขนแต่ละเส้นมีแกนขนรอง ตัวเต็มวัยลำตัวมีขนอุยปกคลุมห่าง ๆ ต่อมน้ำมันเป็นพุ่มขน แต่บางชนิดก็ไม่เป็นพุ่มขน
มีพฤติกรรมเป็นนกที่คุ้ยเขี่ยหาอาหารตามพื้นดิน อาศัยตามต้นไม้ อาหารได้แก่ ผลไม้ แมลง และ ทำรังตามพื้นดินหรือกิ่งไม้ วางไข่คราวละ 1 – 20 ฟอง ไข่มีสีเนื้อหรือสีขาว อาจมีลายจุด ลูกอ่อนในระยะแรกเกิดมีขนอุยปกคลุมเต็มลำตัว สามารถเดินตามพ่อแม่ไปหาอาหารได้ทันทีหลังจากขนแห้ง
การจำแนก
จำแนกออกได้เป็น 3 วงศ์ใหญ่ (แยกย่อยได้เป็นวงศ์ได้ทั้งหมด 5 วงศ์) ในประเทศไทยพบเพียงวงศ์เดียวเท่านั้น และพบทั้งหมด 26 ชนิด
Galliformes classification | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
อ้างอิง
- Mourer-Chauviré; และคณะ (2013). "A new taxon of stem group Galliformes and the earliest record for stem group Cuculidae from the Eocene of Djebel Chambi, Tunisia".
{{}}
: Cite journal ต้องการ|journal=
((help)) - Kuhl., H.; Frankl-Vilches, C.; Bakker, A.; Mayr, G.; Nikolaus, G.; Boerno, S. T.; Klages, S.; Timmermann, B.; Gahr, M. (2020). "An unbiased molecular approach using 3'UTRs resolves the avian family-level tree of life". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 38: 108–127. doi:10.1093/molbev/msaa191. PMC 7783168. PMID 32781465.
- "1. อันดับไก่ (Order Galliformes)" (PDF). อนุกรมวิธานและสถานภาพของนกประจำถิ่นในปัจจุบัน. สืบค้นเมื่อ 1 May 2014.[]
- "Galliformes". itis. สืบค้นเมื่อ 1 May 2014.
- Madge, Steve (2002). Pheasants, Partridges and Grouse. Christopher Helm. ISBN .
{{}}
: ไม่รู้จักพารามิเตอร์|coauthors=
ถูกละเว้น แนะนำ (|author=
) ((help)) - Clarke, Julia A. (2004): Morphology, Phylogenetic Taxonomy, and Systematics of Ichthyornis and Apatornis (Avialae: Ornithurae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 286: 1–179 PDF fulltext 2009-03-03 ที่ เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน
- Agnolin, Federico L.; Novas, Fernando E. & Lio, Gabriel (2006): Neornithine bird coracoid from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia. Ameghiniana 43(1): 245–248. HTML fulltext
อ่านเพิ่ม
- Agnolin, Federico L.; Novas, Fernando E. & Lio, Gabriel (2006): Neornithine bird coracoid from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia. Ameghiniana 43(1): 245–248. HTML fulltext
- Clarke, Julia A (2004). "Morphology, Phylogenetic Taxonomy, and Systematics of Ichthyornis and Apatornis (Avialae: Ornithurae)" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 286: 1–179. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2004)286<0001:mptaso>2.0.co;2.
- Crowe, Timothy M.; Bloomer, Paulette; Randi, Ettore; Lucchini, Vittorio; Kimball, Rebecca T.; Braun, Edward L. & Groth, Jeffrey G. (2006a): Supra-generic cladistics of landfowl (Order Galliformes). Acta Zoologica Sinica 52(Supplement): 358–361. PDF fulltext 2010-06-23 ที่ เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน
- Crowe, Timothy M.; Bowie, Rauri C.K.; Bloomer, Paulette; Mandiwana, Tshifhiwa G.; Hedderson, Terry A.J.; Randi, Ettore; Pereira, Sergio L. & Wakeling, Julia (2006b): Phylogenetics, biogeography and classification of, and character evolution in, gamebirds (Aves: Galliformes): effects of character exclusion, data partitioning and missing data. 22(6): 495–532. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2006.00120.x
- Dyke, Gareth J; Gulas, Bonnie E. & Crowe, Timothy M. (2003): Suprageneric relationships of galliform birds (Aves, Galliformes): a cladistic analysis of morphological characters. 137(2): 227–244. doi:10.1046/j.1096-3642.2003.00048.x PDF fulltext
- Kimball, Rebecca T.; Braun, Edward L.; Zwartjes, P.W.; Crowe, Timothy M. & Ligon, J. David (1999): A molecular phylogeny of the pheasants and partridges suggests that these lineages are not monophyletic. 11(1): 38–54. doi:10.1006/mpev.1998.0562 PDF fulltext 2011-04-28 ที่ เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน
- Kimball, Rebecca T.; Braun, Edward L.; Ligon, J. David; Lucchini, Vittorio & Randi, Ettore (2001): A molecular phylogeny of the peacock-pheasants (Galliformes: Polyplectron spp.) indicates loss and reduction of ornamental traits and display behaviours. 73(2): 187–198. doi:10.1006/bijl.2001.0536
- Kimball, Rebecca T.; Braun, Edward L.; Ligon, J. David; Randi, Ettore & Lucchini, Vittorio (2006): Using molecular phylogenetics to interpret evolutionary changes in morphology and behavior in the Phasianidae. Acta Zoologica Sinica 52(Supplement): 362–365.
- Mandiwana-Neudani, T.G.; Little, R.M.; Crowe, T.M.; Bowie, R.C.K. (2019). "Taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography of African spurfowl Galliformes, Phasianidae, Phasianinae, Coturnicini: Pternistis spp". Ostrich. 90 (2): 145–172. doi:10.2989/00306525.2019.1584925. S2CID 195417777.
- Mayr, Gerald; Weidig, Ilka (2004). "The Early Eocene bird Gallinuloides wyomingensis – a stem group representative of Galliformes". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 49 (2): 211–217.
- Smith, Edward J.; Shi, Li & Tu, Zhijian (2005): Gallus gallus aggrecan gene-based phylogenetic analysis of selected avian taxonomic groups. Genetica 124(1): 23–32. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2001.tb01356.x (HTML abstract)
- Zelenitsky, Darla K.; Hills, L.V. & Currie, Philip J. (1996): Parataxonomic classification of ornithoid eggshell fragments from the Oldman Formation (Judith River Group; Upper Cretaceous), Southern Alberta. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 33(12): 1655–1667.
- Bent, Arthur C. 1963. Life Histories of North American Gallinaceous Birds, New York: Dover Publications, Inc.
- Eaton, Stephen W. 1992. The Birds of North America: Wild Turkey No. 22. The Academy of Natural Sciences; Washington DC: The American Ornithologists’ Union.
- Forbush, Edward H. 1929. Birds of Massachusetts and Other New England States, Norwood Massachusetts: Norwood press.
- Harrison, Kit and George. 1990. The Birds of Winter, New York: Random House.
- Pearson, T. Gilbert, et al. 1936. Birds of America, New York: Garden City Publishing Company, Inc.
- Peterson, M.J. 2000. The Birds of North America: Plain Chachalaca (Ortalis vetula), No. 550. The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.
- et al. 1966. A Guide to Field Identification: Birds of North America, New York: Golden Press.
แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น
wikipedia, แบบไทย, วิกิพีเดีย, วิกิ หนังสือ, หนังสือ, ห้องสมุด, บทความ, อ่าน, ดาวน์โหลด, ฟรี, ดาวน์โหลดฟรี, mp3, วิดีโอ, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, รูปภาพ, เพลง, เพลง, หนัง, หนังสือ, เกม, เกม, มือถือ, โทรศัพท์, Android, iOS, Apple, โทรศัพท์โมบิล, Samsung, iPhone, Xiomi, Xiaomi, Redmi, Honor, Oppo, Nokia, Sonya, MI, PC, พีซี, web, เว็บ, คอมพิวเตอร์
xndbik epnxndbkhxngstwpikxndbhnung ichchuxwithyasastrwa Galliformesxndbik chwngewlathimichiwitxyu smyxioxsin pccubn 55 0Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N rabukhxmulthangbrrnanukrmimkhrb xacmitnkaenidnankwanitamtamekhmnalikacaksay nkyungxinediy Pavo cristatus ikpa Gallus gallus ikfasithxng Chrysolophus pictus Alectoris chukar Centrocercus minimus Meleagris gallopavo Crax rubra iktxkhmwkehlk Numida meleagris karcaaenkchnthangwithyasastrodemn yuaekhrioxtxanackr stwiflm stwmiaeknsnhlngchn stwpikekhld xndb xndbik 1820wngskhyaywngsihy Phasianoidea Numididae PhasianidaechuxphxngPhasianiformes stwpikhruxnkinnimikhnadlatwtngaetelkmakcnthungihymak tngaet 12 223 esntiemtr cangxypaksn playpakthu cangxypakbnokhngelknxy rucmukimthaluthungkn khaihy aekhngpkkhlumdwyekldaebbekldsxn niwhlngxyuinradbediywkbniwhna elbthu paksn playpakmnaelaewaekhakhangin khnplaypakaekhngaelaokhng mi 10 esn aelamikhnklangpakesnthi 5 khnhangmi 8 32 esn khnaetlaesnmiaeknkhnrxng twetmwylatwmikhnxuypkkhlumhang txmnamnepnphumkhn aetbangchnidkimepnphumkhn miphvtikrrmepnnkthikhuyekhiyhaxahartamphundin xasytamtnim xaharidaek phlim aemlng aela tharngtamphundinhruxkingim wangikhkhrawla 1 20 fxng ikhmisienuxhruxsikhaw xacmilaycud lukxxninrayaaerkekidmikhnxuypkkhlumetmlatw samarthedintamphxaemiphaxaharidthnthihlngcakkhnaehngkarcaaenkcaaenkxxkidepn 3 wngsihy aeykyxyidepnwngsidthnghmd 5 wngs inpraethsithyphbephiyngwngsediywethann aelaphbthnghmd 26 chnid Phasianoidea Galliformes classificationNumididae NumidaAcrylliumPhasianoidea Phasianidae RollulusSynoicusExcalfactoriaCoturnix GallusArgusianusAfropavoPavoIthaginis MeleagrisxangxingMourer Chauvire aelakhna 2013 A new taxon of stem group Galliformes and the earliest record for stem group Cuculidae from the Eocene of Djebel Chambi Tunisia a href wiki E0 B9 81 E0 B8 A1 E0 B9 88 E0 B9 81 E0 B8 9A E0 B8 9A Cite journal title aemaebb Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal txngkar journal help Kuhl H Frankl Vilches C Bakker A Mayr G Nikolaus G Boerno S T Klages S Timmermann B Gahr M 2020 An unbiased molecular approach using 3 UTRs resolves the avian family level tree of life Molecular Biology and Evolution 38 108 127 doi 10 1093 molbev msaa191 PMC 7783168 PMID 32781465 1 xndbik Order Galliformes PDF xnukrmwithanaelasthanphaphkhxngnkpracathininpccubn subkhnemux 1 May 2014 lingkesiy Galliformes itis subkhnemux 1 May 2014 Madge Steve 2002 Pheasants Partridges and Grouse Christopher Helm ISBN 0 7136 3966 0 a href wiki E0 B9 81 E0 B8 A1 E0 B9 88 E0 B9 81 E0 B8 9A E0 B8 9A Cite book title aemaebb Cite book cite book a imruckpharamietxr coauthors thuklaewn aenana author help Clarke Julia A 2004 Morphology Phylogenetic Taxonomy and Systematics of Ichthyornis and Apatornis Avialae Ornithurae Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 286 1 179 PDF fulltext 2009 03 03 thi ewyaebkaemchchin Agnolin Federico L Novas Fernando E amp Lio Gabriel 2006 Neornithine bird coracoid from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia Ameghiniana 43 1 245 248 HTML fulltextxanephimAgnolin Federico L Novas Fernando E amp Lio Gabriel 2006 Neornithine bird coracoid from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia Ameghiniana 43 1 245 248 HTML fulltext Clarke Julia A 2004 Morphology Phylogenetic Taxonomy and Systematics of Ichthyornis and Apatornis Avialae Ornithurae PDF Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 286 1 179 doi 10 1206 0003 0090 2004 286 lt 0001 mptaso gt 2 0 co 2 Crowe Timothy M Bloomer Paulette Randi Ettore Lucchini Vittorio Kimball Rebecca T Braun Edward L amp Groth Jeffrey G 2006a Supra generic cladistics of landfowl Order Galliformes Acta Zoologica Sinica 52 Supplement 358 361 PDF fulltext 2010 06 23 thi ewyaebkaemchchin Crowe Timothy M Bowie Rauri C K Bloomer Paulette Mandiwana Tshifhiwa G Hedderson Terry A J Randi Ettore Pereira Sergio L amp Wakeling Julia 2006b Phylogenetics biogeography and classification of and character evolution in gamebirds Aves Galliformes effects of character exclusion data partitioning and missing data 22 6 495 532 doi 10 1111 j 1096 0031 2006 00120 x Dyke Gareth J Gulas Bonnie E amp Crowe Timothy M 2003 Suprageneric relationships of galliform birds Aves Galliformes a cladistic analysis of morphological characters 137 2 227 244 doi 10 1046 j 1096 3642 2003 00048 x PDF fulltext Kimball Rebecca T Braun Edward L Zwartjes P W Crowe Timothy M amp Ligon J David 1999 A molecular phylogeny of the pheasants and partridges suggests that these lineages are not monophyletic 11 1 38 54 doi 10 1006 mpev 1998 0562 PDF fulltext 2011 04 28 thi ewyaebkaemchchin Kimball Rebecca T Braun Edward L Ligon J David Lucchini Vittorio amp Randi Ettore 2001 A molecular phylogeny of the peacock pheasants Galliformes Polyplectron spp indicates loss and reduction of ornamental traits and display behaviours 73 2 187 198 doi 10 1006 bijl 2001 0536 Kimball Rebecca T Braun Edward L Ligon J David Randi Ettore amp Lucchini Vittorio 2006 Using molecular phylogenetics to interpret evolutionary changes in morphology and behavior in the Phasianidae Acta Zoologica Sinica 52 Supplement 362 365 Mandiwana Neudani T G Little R M Crowe T M Bowie R C K 2019 Taxonomy phylogeny and biogeography of African spurfowl Galliformes Phasianidae Phasianinae Coturnicini Pternistis spp Ostrich 90 2 145 172 doi 10 2989 00306525 2019 1584925 S2CID 195417777 Mayr Gerald Weidig Ilka 2004 The Early Eocene bird Gallinuloides wyomingensis a stem group representative of Galliformes Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 49 2 211 217 Smith Edward J Shi Li amp Tu Zhijian 2005 Gallus gallus aggrecan gene based phylogenetic analysis of selected avian taxonomic groups Genetica 124 1 23 32 doi 10 1111 j 1095 8312 2001 tb01356 x HTML abstract Zelenitsky Darla K Hills L V amp Currie Philip J 1996 Parataxonomic classification of ornithoid eggshell fragments from the Oldman Formation Judith River Group Upper Cretaceous Southern Alberta Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 33 12 1655 1667 Bent Arthur C 1963 Life Histories of North American Gallinaceous Birds New York Dover Publications Inc Eaton Stephen W 1992 The Birds of North America Wild Turkey No 22 The Academy of Natural Sciences Washington DC The American Ornithologists Union Forbush Edward H 1929 Birds of Massachusetts and Other New England States Norwood Massachusetts Norwood press Harrison Kit and George 1990 The Birds of Winter New York Random House Pearson T Gilbert et al 1936 Birds of America New York Garden City Publishing Company Inc Peterson M J 2000 The Birds of North America Plain Chachalaca Ortalis vetula No 550 The Birds of North America Inc Philadelphia PA et al 1966 A Guide to Field Identification Birds of North America New York Golden Press aehlngkhxmulxunwikimiediykhxmmxnsmisuxthiekiywkhxngkb xndbik