การทัพกัลลิโพลี เป็นที่รู้จักกันในชื่อ การทัพดาร์ดะเนลส์, ยุทธการที่กัลลิโพลี หรือ ยุทธการที่ชานักคาแล (ตุรกี: Gelibolu Muharebesi, Çanakkale Muharebeleri หรือ Çanakkale Savaşı) เป็นการทัพในสงครามโลกครั้งที่หนึ่งที่เกิดขึ้นบนคาบสมุทรกัลลิโพลี (ปัจจุบันคือ ประเทศตุรกี) ตั้งแต่วันที่ 17 กุมภาพันธ์ ค.ศ. 1915 ถึง 9 มกราคม ค.ศ. 1916 ฝ่ายมหาอำนาจไตรภาคี ได้แก่ บริติช ฝรั่งเศส และรัสเซีย ได้พยายามที่จะทำให้จักรวรรดิออตโตมันอ่อนแอลง หนึ่งสมาชิกประเทศในฝ่ายมหาอำนาจกลาง โดยเข้าควบคุมช่องแคบที่เป็นเส้นทางการขนส่งสินค้าไปยังจักรวรรดิรัสเซีย การโจมตีป้อมปราการออตโตมันของฝ่ายสัมพันธมิตรที่ทางเข้าของช่องแคบดาร์ดะเนลส์ในเดือนกุมภาพันธ์ ค.ศ. 1915 ได้ประสบความล้มเหลว และตามมาด้วยการยกพลขึ้นบกบนคาบสมุทรกัลลิโพลีในเดือนเมษายน ค.ศ. 1915 เพื่อเข้ายึดครองกรุงอิสตันบลู(คอนสแตนติโนเปิล) เมืองหลวงของออตโตมัน
การทัพกัลลิโพลี | |||||||
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ส่วนหนึ่งของ เขตสงครามตะวันออกกลางในสงครามโลกครั้งที่หนึ่ง | |||||||
ภาพชุดในการทัพ จากบนและซ้ายถึงขวา: ผู้บัญชาการทหารออตโตมันรวมมุสทาฟา เคมัล (คนที่ 4 จากซ้าย); เรือรบของฝ่ายสัมพันธมิตร; จากดาดฟ้าหัวเรือ; ทหารออตโตมันในสนามเพลาะ; และตำแหน่งของฝ่ายสัมพันธมิตร | |||||||
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คู่สงคราม | |||||||
สนับสนุนโดย: รัสเซีย | จักรวรรดิออตโตมัน สนับสนุนโดย: เยอรมนี ออสเตรีย-ฮังการี | ||||||
ผู้บังคับบัญชาและผู้นำ | |||||||
หน่วยที่เกี่ยวข้อง | |||||||
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กำลัง | |||||||
5 หน่วย (ตอนแรก)
สนับสนุนโดย | 6 หน่วย (ตอนแรก)
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ความสูญเสีย | |||||||
จักรวรรดิบริติช: รวม: 300,000 นาย (ถูกฆ่า 56,707 นาย) | จักรวรรดิออตโตมัน: รวม: 255,268 นาย (ถูกฆ่า 56,643 นาย) |
ในเดือนมกราคม ค.ศ. 1916 ภายหลังการสู้รบแปดเดือน มีผู้เสียชีวิตประมาณ 250,000 คนในแต่ละฝ่าย การทัพทางภาคพื้นดินได้ถูกละทิ้งและถอนกำลังในการบุกครอง มันเป็นความพ่ายแพ้ที่มีค่ามากสำหรับฝ่ายมหาอำนาจไตรภาคี และสำหรับผู้ให้การสนับสนุน โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งคือ ลอร์ดที่หนึ่งแห่งกระทรวงทหารเรือ (ค.ศ. 1911- ค.ศ. 1915) วินสตัน เชอร์ชิล การทัพดังกล่าวได้ถือเป็นชัยชนะที่ยิงใหญ่ของออตโตมัน ในตุรกี ได้ถือว่าเป็นส่วนเวลาที่ถูกกำหนดไว้ในประวัติศาสตร์ของรัฐ การโจมตีแบบระลอกครั้งสุดท้ายในการปกป้องมาตุภูมิ เมื่อจักรวรรดิออตโตมันได้ล่าถอย การต่อสู้รบดังกล่าวได้กลายเป็นพื้นฐานของสงครามประกาศอิสรภาพตุรกีและการประกาศสถาปนาสาธารณรัฐตุรกีในอีกแปดปีต่อมา โดยมีมุสทาฟา เคมัล อาทาทืร์ค ผู้ซึ่งมีชื่อเสียงในฐานะผู้บัญชาการทหารที่กัลลิโพลี ในฐานะผู้ก่อตั้งและประธานาธิบดี
การทัพดังกล่าวมักจะถือว่าเป็นจุดเริ่มต้นของจิตสำนึกแห่งชาติของออสเตรเลียและนิวซีแลนด์ วันที่ 25 เมษายน ซึ่งเป็นวันครบรอบของการยกพลขึ้นบกหรือที่เรียกว่า วันแอนแซก ซึ่งเป็นวันที่รำลึกถึงทหารผู้เสียชีวิตและทหารผ่านศึกที่สำคัญที่สุดในสองประเทศ ซึ่งดูดีกว่า (วันสงบศึก)
อ้างอิง
- Travers 2001, p. 13.
- Rance 2017, pp. 16–17, 54–56.
- Jung 2003, pp. 42–43.
- Kurtuluş Savaşı Komutanları.
- Aspinall-Oglander 1929, p. 395.
- Rance 2017, pp. 16–17, 44–47, 55–56.
- Erickson 2001a, p. 94.
- Erickson 2001a, pp. 94–95.
- Erickson 2015, p. 178.
- Rance 2017, pp. 16–17.
- Clodfelter 2017, p. 417.
- Erickson 2001a, p. 327.
- Aspinall-Oglander 1929, pp. 51–52.
- Dennis 2008, pp. 32, 38.
- Lewis, Balderstone & Bowan 2006, p. 110.
- McGibbon 2000, p. 198.
ข้อมูล
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- . rsa.org.nz. 4 January 2011. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 4 February 2012.
- "AWM 4-10-2-47 2nd Light Horse Brigade War Diary November 1918 Appendix 3" (pdf). Headquarters 2nd Light Horse Brigade. สืบค้นเมื่อ 27 April 2013.
- "Battle of Gallipoli – World War I". History.com. สืบค้นเมื่อ 23 October 2017.
- . Commonwealth War Graves Commission. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 12 July 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 3 December 2006.
- (PDF). Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Ministry for Culture and Heritage (MCH) and the New Zealand Defence Force (NZDF). 2016. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2016-06-11. สืบค้นเมื่อ 21 March 2016.
- "Gallipoli Casualties by Country". NZ History. New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 1 March 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 15 January 2017.
- "ebook Phenomenal and Wicked: Attrition and Reinforcements in the New Zealand Expeditionary Force at Gallipoli". New Zealand Defence Force. 2020.
- Green, David (28 August 2013). "How Many New Zealanders Served on Gallipoli?". สืบค้นเมื่อ 26 November 2015.
- Hammer, Joshua. "A New View of the Battle of Gallipoli, One of the Bloodiest Conflicts of World War I". Smithsonian. สืบค้นเมื่อ 23 October 2017.
- Keane, Daniel (22 April 2015). "Eric Bogle: Australia's anti-war balladeer reflects on his Anzac anthem and his upcoming trip to Gallipoli". ABC News. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. สืบค้นเมื่อ 11 October 2016.
- Kirbaki, Yorgo (24 April 2015). "Ottoman military graveyard found on Greek island off Gallipoli". Hurriyet Daily News. สืบค้นเมื่อ 7 November 2017.
- "Kurtuluş Savaşı Komutanları". canakkalesehitlik.net. 5 May 2015.
- "Lead Contamination Closes Corner Brook Armoury". CBC News. 12 January 2012.
- "Nazi Shell in Egypt Wounds One of British Empire's Most Fabulous Soldiers". Life. 17 August 1942. p. 28. สืบค้นเมื่อ 19 November 2011.
- "Portianos Military Cemetery". Commonwealth War Graves Commission. สืบค้นเมื่อ 28 April 2013.
- Taskiran, Cemalettin (18 March 2005). . The Journal of the Turkish Weekly. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 15 May 2015. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2 December 2006.
- "West Mudros Moslem Cemetery". Commonwealth War Graves Commission. สืบค้นเมื่อ 28 April 2013.
- Wilson, Ross. "Street Names: The Local, National and International Memory of the First World War". World War I Centenary: Continuations and Beginnings. University of Oxford. สืบค้นเมื่อ 18 January 2017.
อ่านเพิ่ม
- Basarin, Vecihi; Basarin, Hatice Hurmuz (2008). Beneath the Dardanelles: The Australian Submarine at Gallipoli. Crows Nest, NSW: Allen & Unwin. ISBN .
- Baly, Lindsay (2003). Horseman, Pass By: The Australian Light Horse in World War I. East Roseville, NSW: Simon & Schuster. OCLC 223425266.
- Carlyon, Les (11 November 2004). "Australian War Memorial Anniversary Oration: Gallipoli in a Nation's Remembrance". soundtrack and text. Australian War Memorial. จากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 8 December 2004. สืบค้นเมื่อ 7 December 2008.
- Erickson, Edward J. (2007). Gooch, John; Reid, Brian Holden (บ.ก.). Ottoman Army Effectiveness in World War I: A Comparative Study. Military History and Policy. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN .
- (2004). The First World War: A Complete History. New York: Henry Holt and Co. ISBN .
- Hart, Peter (2011). Gallipoli. London: Profile Books. ISBN .
- Kraaijestein, Martin; Schulten, Paul (2009). Het Epos van Gallipoli. Feiten, verhalen en mythen over de geallieerde aanval op Turkije tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog [The Epic of Gallipoli. Facts, Stories and Myths about the Allied Attack on Turkey during World War I] (ภาษาดัตช์). Soesterberg: Uitgeverij Aspekt. ISBN .
- Kyle, Roy (2003). An Anzac's Story. Camberwell: Penguin. ISBN .
- Laffin, John (1980). Damn the Dardanelles!: The Story of Gallipoli. London: Osprey. ISBN . OCLC 7770209.
- Özdemir, H. (2008) [2005]. The Ottoman Army: Disease and Death on the Battlefield 1914–1918. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press. ISBN .
- Patton, George S. (1936). The Defense of Gallipoli: A General Staff Study. Hawaii: Hawaiian Department.
- Plowman, Peter (2013). Voyage to Gallipoli. Kenthurst, NSW: Rosenberg. ISBN .
- Orr, Philip (2006). Field of Bones: An Irish Division at Gallipoli. Dublin, Ireland: Lilliput Press. ISBN .
- Tyquin, Michael (1993). Gallipoli: The Medical War. Sydney: University of New South Wales Press. ISBN .
- Uyar, Mesut (2015). The Ottoman Defence Against The Anzac Landing. Australian Army Campaigns. Vol. 16. Newport, NSW: Big Sky. ISBN .
- Waite, Fred (1919). The New Zealanders at Gallipoli. Official History New Zealand's Effort in the Great War. Vol. I. Auckland, NZ: Whitcombe and Tombs. OCLC 8003944.
แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น
- Winston Churchill & Gallipoli – UK Parliament Living Heritage
- วิกิมีเดียคอมมอนส์มีสื่อเกี่ยวกับ Battle of Gallipoli
- . คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2020-09-01. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2016-11-09.
- "Original reports from The Times".
- . Omniatlas.com. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2014-04-19. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2016-11-09.
- "Despatches". The campaign at the Dardanelles (Gallipoli). The Long Long Trail.
- . Macquarie University. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 8 June 2013.
- "Winston Churchill's World War Disaster".
- "Gallipoli casualties by country". NZ History.
- Gallipoli Diary หนังสือเสียงสาธารณสมบัติที่
- "Australia's role in the Gallipoli Campaign". ABC and Department of Veteran's Affairs.
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18 000 nay xphyphphupwy 20 000 nay xxsetreliy thukkha 7 594 nay badecb 18 500 nay niwsiaelnd thukkha 3 431 nay badecb 4 140 nay rwm 300 000 nay thukkha 56 707 nay ckrwrrdixxtotmn 255 268 nay thukkha 56 643 nay badecb 97 007 nay hayiphruxechlysuk 11 178 nay xphyphphupwy 69 440 nay esiychiwitcakorkh 21 000 nay rwm 255 268 nay thukkha 56 643 nay ineduxnmkrakhm kh s 1916 phayhlngkarsurbaepdeduxn miphuesiychiwitpraman 250 000 khninaetlafay karthphthangphakhphundinidthuklathingaelathxnkalnginkarbukkhrxng mnepnkhwamphayaephthimikhamaksahrbfaymhaxanacitrphakhi aelasahrbphuihkarsnbsnun odyechphaaxyangyingkhux lxrdthihnungaehngkrathrwngthharerux kh s 1911 kh s 1915 winstn echxrchil karthphdngklawidthuxepnchychnathiyingihykhxngxxtotmn inturki idthuxwaepnswnewlathithukkahndiwinprawtisastrkhxngrth karocmtiaebbralxkkhrngsudthayinkarpkpxngmatuphumi emuxckrwrrdixxtotmnidlathxy kartxsurbdngklawidklayepnphunthankhxngsngkhramprakasxisrphaphturkiaelakarprakassthapnasatharnrthturkiinxikaepdpitxma odymimusthafa ekhml xathathurkh phusungmichuxesiynginthanaphubychakarthharthiklliophli inthanaphukxtngaelaprathanathibdi karthphdngklawmkcathuxwaepncuderimtnkhxngcitsanukaehngchatikhxngxxsetreliyaelaniwsiaelnd wnthi 25 emsayn sungepnwnkhrbrxbkhxngkarykphlkhunbkhruxthieriykwa wnaexnaesk sungepnwnthiralukthungthharphuesiychiwitaelathharphansukthisakhythisudinsxngpraeths sungdudikwa wnsngbsuk xangxingTravers 2001 p 13 Rance 2017 pp 16 17 54 56 Jung 2003 pp 42 43 Kurtulus Savasi Komutanlari Aspinall Oglander 1929 p 395 Rance 2017 pp 16 17 44 47 55 56 Erickson 2001a p 94 Erickson 2001a pp 94 95 Erickson 2015 p 178 Rance 2017 pp 16 17 Clodfelter 2017 p 417 Erickson 2001a p 327 Aspinall Oglander 1929 pp 51 52 Dennis 2008 pp 32 38 Lewis Balderstone amp Bowan 2006 p 110 McGibbon 2000 p 198 khxmulhnngsux 1929 Military Operations Gallipoli Inception of the Campaign to May 1915 Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence Vol I 1st ed London Heinemann OCLC 464479053 Aspinall Oglander Cecil Faber 1992 1932 Military Operations Gallipoli May 1915 to the Evacuation History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence Vol II Imperial War Museum and Battery Press ed London Heinemann ISBN 978 0 89839 175 6 Austin Ronald Duffy Jack 2006 Where Anzacs Sleep the Gallipoli Photos of Captain Jack Duffy 8th Battalion Slouch Hat Publications Baldwin Hanson 1962 World War I An Outline History London Hutchinson OCLC 793915761 1941a 1921 The Story of ANZAC from the Outbreak of War to the End of the First Phase of the Gallipoli Campaign May 4 1915 Vol I 11th ed Sydney Angus and Robertson OCLC 220878987 Bean Charles 1941b 1921 The Story of Anzac from 4 May 1915 to the Evacuation of the Gallipoli Peninsula Official History of Australia in the War of 1914 1918 Vol II 11th ed Canberra Australian War Memorial OCLC 39157087 Becke Major Archibald Frank 1937 Order of Battle of Divisions The 2nd Line Territorial Force Divisions 57th 69th with The Home Service Divisions 71st 73rd and 74th and 75th Divisions History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence Vol IIb London ISBN 978 1 871167 00 9 Ben Gavriel Moshe Ya aqov 1999 Wallas Armin A b k Tagebucher 1915 bis 1927 Diaries 1915 1927 phasaeyxrmn Wien Bohlau ISBN 978 3 205 99137 3 Brenchley Fred Brenchley Elizabeth 2001 Stoker s Submarine Australia s Daring Raid on the Dardanellles on the Day of the Gallipoli Landing Sydney Harper Collins ISBN 978 0 7322 6703 2 2005 Gallipoli The Fatal Shore Camberwell VIC Viking Penguin ISBN 978 0 670 04085 8 Butler Daniel 2011 Shadow of the Sultan s Realm The Destruction of the Ottoman Empire and the Creation of the Modern Middle East Washington D C Potomac Books ISBN 978 1 59797 496 7 Burt R A 1988 British Battleships 1889 1904 Annapolis Maryland Naval Institute Press ISBN 978 0 87021 061 7 Cameron David 2011 Gallipoli The Final Battles and Evacuation of Anzac Newport NSW Big Sky ISBN 978 0 9808140 9 5 2001 Gallipoli Sydney Pan Macmillan ISBN 978 0 7329 1089 1 Cassar George H 2004 Kitchener s War British Strategy from 1914 to 1916 Lincoln Nebraska Potomac Books ISBN 978 1 57488 709 9 Clodfelter M 2017 Warfare and Armed Conflicts A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures 1492 2015 4th ed Jefferson North Carolina McFarland ISBN 978 0786474707 1999 Bravery above Blunder The 9th Australian Division at Finschhafen Sattelberg and Sio South Melbourne Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 550837 6 2009a 1920 Naval Operations History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence Vol I repr Imperial War Museum and Naval amp Military Press ed London Longmans ISBN 978 1 84342 489 5 subkhnemux 27 May 2014 Corbett J S 2009b 1923 Naval Operations History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence Vol III Imperial War Museum and Naval amp Military Press ed London Longmans ISBN 978 1 84342 491 8 subkhnemux 27 May 2014 Coulthard Clark Chris 2001 The Encyclopaedia of Australia s Battles Second ed Crow s Nest NSW Allen amp Unwin ISBN 978 1 86508 634 7 Cowan James 1926 The Maoris in the Great War including Gallipoli Auckland NZ Whitcombe amp Tombs for the Maori Regimental Committee OCLC 4203324 Crawford John Buck Matthew 2020 Phenomenal and Wicked Attrition and Reinforcements in the New Zealand Expeditionary Force at Gallipoli Wellington New Zealand Defence Force ISBN 978 0 478 34812 5 ebook New Zealand Defence Force 2020 Dando Collins Stephen 2012 Crack Hardy From Gallipoli to Flanders to the Somme the True Story of Three Australian Brothers at War North Sydney Vintage Books ISBN 978 1 74275 573 1 Dennis Peter Morris Ewan Prior Robin Bou Jean 2008 The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History 2nd ed Melbourne Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 551784 2 Dexter David 1961 The New Guinea Offensives Australia in the War of 1939 1945 Series 1 Army Vol VII 1st ed Canberra ACT Australian War Memorial OCLC 2028994 Dutton David 1998 The Politics of Diplomacy Britain France and the Balkans in the First World War London I B Tauris ISBN 978 1 86064 112 1 Eren Ramazan 2003 Canakkale Savas Alanlari Gezi Gunlugu Canakkale War Zone Travel Diary phasaturki Canakkale Eren Books ISBN 978 975 288 149 5 2001a 2000 Westport Connecticut Greenwood ISBN 978 0 313 31516 9 Erickson Edward J 2015 2010 Gallipoli the Ottoman Campaign Barnsley Pen amp Sword ISBN 978 1783461660 Erickson Edward J 2013 Ottomans and Armenians A Study in Counterinsurgency New York Palgrave Macmillan ISBN 978 1 137 36220 9 Falls Cyril MacMunn George maps 1996 1928 Military Operations Egypt amp Palestine from the Outbreak of War with Germany to June 1917 Official History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence Vol I repr Imperial War Museum and Battery Press ed London HMSO ISBN 978 0 89839 241 8 Falls Cyril Becke A F maps 1930 Military Operations Egypt amp Palestine From June 1917 to the End of the War Official History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence Vol II Part 1 London HMSO OCLC 644354483 Fewster Kevin Basarin Vecihi Basarin Hatice Hurmuz 2003 1985 Gallipoli The Turkish Story Crow s Nest NSW Allen amp Unwin ISBN 978 1 74114 045 3 2004 No Pleasure Cruise The Story of the Royal Australian Navy Crow s Nest NSW Allen amp Unwin ISBN 978 1 74114 233 4 1989 New York Henry Holt ISBN 978 0 8050 0857 9 Gatchel Theodore L 1996 At the Water s Edge Defending against the Modern Amphibious Assault Annapolis Maryland Naval Institute Press ISBN 978 1 55750 308 4 Grey Jeffrey 2008 A Military History of Australia 3rd ed Port Melbourne Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0 521 69791 0 Griffith Paddy 1998 British Fighting Methods in the Great War London Routledge ISBN 978 0 7146 3495 1 Gullett Henry Somer 1941 1923 The Australian Imperial Force in Sinai and Palestine 1914 1918 Official History of Australia in the War of 1914 1918 Vol VII 10th ed Sydney Angus and Robertson OCLC 220901683 Hall Richard 2010 Balkan Breakthrough The Battle of Dobro Pole 1918 Bloomington Indiana University Press ISBN 978 0 253 35452 5 Halpern Paul G 1995 A Naval History of World War I Annapolis Maryland Naval Institute Press ISBN 978 1 55750 352 7 Harrison Mark 2010 The Medical War British Military Medicine in the First World War Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19957 582 4 Hart Peter 2013b 2011 Gallipoli London Profile Books ISBN 978 1 84668 161 5 Hart Peter 2020 Sydney Living History ISBN 978 0 6489 2260 5 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 2021 05 14 subkhnemux 2022 01 19 2004 1991 Gallipoli 1915 Frontal Assault on Turkey Campaign Series London Osprey ISBN 978 0 275 98288 1 b k 2001 The Oxford Companion to Military History Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 866209 9 Hore Peter 2006 The Ironclads London Southwater ISBN 978 1 84476 299 6 James Robert Rhodes 1995 1965 Gallipoli A British Historian s View Parkville VIC Department of History University of Melbourne ISBN 978 0 7325 1219 4 Jobson Christopher 2009 Looking Forward Looking Back Customs and Traditions of the Australian Army Wavell Heights Queensland Big Sky ISBN 978 0 9803251 6 4 Jose Arthur 1941 1928 The Royal Australian Navy 1914 1918 Official History of Australia in the War of 1914 1918 Vol IX 9th ed Canberra Australian War Memorial OCLC 271462423 Jung Peter 2003 Austro Hungarian Forces in World War I Part 1 Oxford Osprey ISBN 978 1 84176 594 5 Graham Joan 1955 Suez to Aleppo Melbourne Directorate of Military Training Wilkie OCLC 220029983 Kinloch Terry 2007 Devils on Horses In the Words of the Anzacs in the Middle East 1916 19 Auckland NZ Exisle OCLC 191258258 Kinross Patrick 1995 1964 Ataturk The Rebirth of a Nation London Phoenix ISBN 978 0 297 81376 7 Lambert Nicholas A 2021 The War Lords and the Gallipoli Disaster Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 754520 1 Lepetit Vincent Tournyol du Clos Alain Rinieri Ilario 1923 Les armees francaises dans la Grande guerre Tome VIII La campagne d Orient Dardanelles et Salonique Premier Volume fevrier 1915 aout 1916 Ministry of War Staff of the Army Historical Service French Armies in the Great War Ministere De la Guerre Etat Major de l Armee Service Historique phasafrngess Vol I Paris Imprimerie Nationale OCLC 491775878 a href wiki E0 B9 81 E0 B8 A1 E0 B9 88 E0 B9 81 E0 B8 9A E0 B8 9A Cite book title aemaebb Cite book cite book a CS1 maint ref duplicates default Balderstone Simon Bowan John 2006 Events That Shaped Australia Frenchs Forest NSW New Holland ISBN 978 1 74110 492 9 Lockhart Sir Robert Hamilton Bruce 1950 The Marines Were There The Story of the Royal Marines in the Second World War London Putnam OCLC 1999087 McCartney Innes 2008 British Submarines of World War I Oxford Osprey ISBN 978 1 84603 334 6 McGibbon Ian b k 2000 The Oxford Companion to New Zealand Military History Auckland NZ Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 558376 2 Mitchell Thomas John Smith G M 1931 Casualties and Medical Statistics of the Great War History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Committee of Imperial Defence London HMSO OCLC 14739880 1997 1956 Gallipoli Ware Wordsworth ISBN 978 1 85326 675 1 Neillands Robin 2004 1998 The Great War Generals on the Western Front 1914 1918 London Books Magpie ISBN 978 1 84119 863 7 Newton L M 1925 The Story of the Twelfth A Record of the 12th Battalion A I F during the Great War of 1914 1918 Slouch Hat Publications 2007 The Fighting Newfoundlander Carleton Library Series Vol CCIX McGill Queen s University Press ISBN 978 0 7735 3206 9 O Connell John 2010 Submarine Operational Effectiveness in the 20th Century 1900 1939 Part One New York Universe ISBN 978 1 4502 3689 8 Ozakman Turgut 2008 Dirilis Canakkale 1915 Ankara Bilgi Yayinev ISBN 978 975 22 0247 4 Parker John 2005 The Gurkhas The inside Story of the World s Most Feared Soldiers London Headline Books ISBN 978 0 7553 1415 7 Perrett Bryan 2004 For Valour Victoria Cross and Medal of Honor Battles London Cassel Military Paperbacks ISBN 978 0 304 36698 9 Perry Frederick 1988 The Commonwealth Armies Manpower and Organisation in Two World Wars Manchester Manchester University Press ISBN 978 0 7190 2595 2 Pick Walter Pinhas 1990 Meissner Pasha and the Construction of Railways in Palestine and Neighbouring Countries in Gilbar Gad b k Ottoman Palestine 1800 1914 Studies in Economic and Social History Leiden Brill Archive ISBN 978 90 04 07785 0 Pitt Barrie Young Peter 1970 History of the First World War Vol III London B P C OCLC 669723700 Powles C Guy Wilkie A 1922 The New Zealanders in Sinai and Palestine Official History New Zealand s Effort in the Great War Vol III Auckland NZ Whitcombe amp Tombs OCLC 2959465 Thys Senocak Lucienne Aslan Carolyn 2008 Rakoczy Lila b k The Archaeology of Destruction Newcastle Cambridge Scholars pp 29 47 ISBN 978 1 84718 624 9 Rance Philip ed trans 2017 The Struggle for the Dardanelles Major Erich Prigge The Memoirs of a German Staff Officer in Ottoman Service Barnsley Pen amp Sword ISBN 978 1 78303 045 3 Reagan Geoffrey 1992 The Guinness Book of Military Anecdotes Enfield Guinness ISBN 978 0 85112 519 0 Simkins Peter Jukes Geoffrey Hickey Michael 2003 The First World War The War to End All Wars Oxford Osprey ISBN 978 1 84176 738 3 Snelling Stephen 1995 VCs of the First World War Gallipoli Thrupp Stroud Gloucestershire Sutton ISBN 978 0 905778 33 4 Strachan Hew 2003 2001 The First World War To Arms Vol I Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 926191 8 Stevens David 2001 The Royal Australian Navy The Australian Centenary History of Defence Vol III South Melbourne Victoria Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 555542 4 Stevenson David 2005 1914 1918 The History of the First World War London Penguin ISBN 978 0 14 026817 1 1965 English History 1914 1945 Pelican 1982 ed Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 821715 2 Tauber Eliezer 1993 The Arab Movements in World War I London Routledge ISBN 978 0 7146 4083 9 Travers Tim 2001 Gallipoli 1915 Stroud Tempus ISBN 978 0 7524 2551 1 Usborne Cecil 1933 Smoke on the Horizon Mediterranean Fighting 1914 1918 London Hodder and Stoughton OCLC 221672642 Wahlert Glenn 2008 Exploring Gallipoli An Australian Army Battlefield Guide Australian Army Campaign Series Vol IV Canberra Army History Unit ISBN 978 0 9804753 5 7 1968 1933 The Palestine Campaigns in Sheppard Eric William b k A Short History of the British Army 4th ed London Constable OCLC 35621223 Weigley Russell F 2005 in Krause Michael D Phillips R Cody b k Historical Perspectives of the Operational Art Washington D C Center of Military History United States Army pp 393 414 OCLC 71603395 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 20 February 2014 subkhnemux 12 November 2016 West Brad 2016 War Memory and Commemoration Memory Studies Global Constellations London and New York Routledge ISBN 978 1 47245 511 6 Williams John 1999 The ANZACS the Media and the Great War Sydney UNSW Press ISBN 978 0 86840 569 8 Willmott Hedley Paul 2009 The Last Century of Sea Power From Port Arthur to Chanak 1894 1922 Bloomington Indiana University Press ISBN 978 0 253 00356 0 bnthuk Laidlaw Private Victor Diaries of Private Victor Rupert Laidlaw 1914 1984 State Library of Victoria Melbourne Australia manuscript subkhnemux 19 May 2020 hnngsuxphimph Blamey Boys New South Wales Australia 9 November 1939 p 3 subkhnemux 28 April 2018 odythang National Library of Australia Death of Composer Vol 38 no 5 811 Adelaide 12 March 1942 p 3 subkhnemux 29 April 2018 odythang National Library of Australia Jack Spade Wrote Hit And Vanished No 1 New South Wales Australia 23 January 1949 p 3 subkhnemux 28 April 2018 odythang National Library of Australia Reason for Gallipoli Vol V no 253 New South Wales Australia 21 October 1915 p 2 subkhnemux 25 April 2018 odythang National Library of Australia warsar Doyle Peter Bennett Matthew 1999 Military Geography The Influence of Terrain in the Outcome of the Gallipoli Campaign 1915 The Geographical Journal London Royal Geographical Society 165 1 March 12 36 doi 10 2307 3060508 ISSN 0016 7398 JSTOR 3060508 Ekins Ashley 2009 Bloody Ridge The Assault of Lone Pine Wartime Canberra Australian War Memorial 47 12 14 16 18 ISSN 1328 2727 Erickson Edward 2001b Strength Against Weakness Ottoman Military Effectiveness at Gallipoli 1915 The Journal of Military History 65 4 981 1012 doi 10 2307 2677626 ISSN 1543 7795 JSTOR 2677626 Gilbert Greg 2013 Air War Over the Dardanelles Wartime Canberra Australian War Memorial 61 42 47 ISSN 1328 2727 Hart Peter 2007 War is Helles The Real Fight for Gallipoli Wartime Canberra Australian War Memorial 38 10 12 ISSN 1328 2727 Hart Peter 2013a The Day It All Went Wrong The Naval Assault Before the Gallipoli Landings Wartime Canberra Australian War Memorial 62 8 13 ISSN 1328 2727 Hughes Matthew 2005 The French Army at Gallipoli The RUSI Journal 153 3 64 67 doi 10 1080 03071840508522907 ISSN 0307 1847 S2CID 154727404 Sheffy Yigal 2005 The Chemical Dimension of the Gallipoli Campaign Introducing Chemical Warfare to the Middle East War in History Sage Publications 12 3 278 317 doi 10 1191 0968344505wh317oa ISSN 1477 0385 S2CID 154534581 Stevenson Robert 2007 PDF Australian Army Journal IV 1 185 99 OCLC 30798241 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedim PDF emux 2017 03 12 subkhnemux 2022 01 19 ewbist PDF Australian Department of Veterans Affairs khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedim PDF emux 13 March 2013 subkhnemux 8 April 2010 rsa org nz 4 January 2011 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 4 February 2012 AWM 4 10 2 47 2nd Light Horse Brigade War Diary November 1918 Appendix 3 pdf Headquarters 2nd Light Horse Brigade subkhnemux 27 April 2013 Battle of Gallipoli World War I History com subkhnemux 23 October 2017 Commonwealth War Graves Commission khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 12 July 2007 subkhnemux 3 December 2006 PDF Manatu Taonga the Ministry for Culture and Heritage Ministry for Culture and Heritage MCH and the New Zealand Defence Force NZDF 2016 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedim PDF emux 2016 06 11 subkhnemux 21 March 2016 Gallipoli Casualties by Country NZ History New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage 1 March 2016 subkhnemux 15 January 2017 ebook Phenomenal and Wicked Attrition and Reinforcements in the New Zealand Expeditionary Force at Gallipoli New Zealand Defence Force 2020 Green David 28 August 2013 How Many New Zealanders Served on Gallipoli subkhnemux 26 November 2015 Hammer Joshua A New View of the Battle of Gallipoli One of the Bloodiest Conflicts of World War I Smithsonian subkhnemux 23 October 2017 Keane Daniel 22 April 2015 Eric Bogle Australia s anti war balladeer reflects on his Anzac anthem and his upcoming trip to Gallipoli ABC News Australian Broadcasting Corporation subkhnemux 11 October 2016 Kirbaki Yorgo 24 April 2015 Ottoman military graveyard found on Greek island off Gallipoli Hurriyet Daily News subkhnemux 7 November 2017 Kurtulus Savasi Komutanlari canakkalesehitlik net 5 May 2015 Lead Contamination Closes Corner Brook Armoury CBC News 12 January 2012 Nazi Shell in Egypt Wounds One of British Empire s Most Fabulous Soldiers Life 17 August 1942 p 28 subkhnemux 19 November 2011 Portianos Military Cemetery Commonwealth War Graves Commission subkhnemux 28 April 2013 Taskiran Cemalettin 18 March 2005 The Journal of the Turkish Weekly khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 15 May 2015 subkhnemux 2 December 2006 West Mudros Moslem Cemetery Commonwealth War Graves Commission subkhnemux 28 April 2013 Wilson Ross Street Names The Local National and International Memory of the First World War World War I Centenary Continuations and Beginnings University of Oxford subkhnemux 18 January 2017 xanephimBasarin Vecihi Basarin Hatice Hurmuz 2008 Beneath the Dardanelles The Australian Submarine at Gallipoli Crows Nest NSW Allen amp Unwin ISBN 978 1 74175 595 4 Baly Lindsay 2003 Horseman Pass By The Australian Light Horse in World War I East Roseville NSW Simon amp Schuster OCLC 223425266 Carlyon Les 11 November 2004 Australian War Memorial Anniversary Oration Gallipoli in a Nation s Remembrance soundtrack and text Australian War Memorial cakaehlngedimemux 8 December 2004 subkhnemux 7 December 2008 Erickson Edward J 2007 Gooch John Reid Brian Holden b k Ottoman Army Effectiveness in World War I A Comparative Study Military History and Policy Abingdon Oxon Routledge ISBN 978 0 203 96456 9 2004 The First World War A Complete History New York Henry Holt and Co ISBN 978 0 8050 7617 2 Hart Peter 2011 Gallipoli London Profile Books ISBN 978 1 84668 159 2 Kraaijestein Martin Schulten Paul 2009 Het Epos van Gallipoli Feiten verhalen en mythen over de geallieerde aanval op Turkije tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog The Epic of Gallipoli Facts Stories and Myths about the Allied Attack on Turkey during World War I phasadtch Soesterberg Uitgeverij Aspekt ISBN 978 90 5911 758 7 Kyle Roy 2003 An Anzac s Story Camberwell Penguin ISBN 978 0 14 300187 4 Laffin John 1980 Damn the Dardanelles The Story of Gallipoli London Osprey ISBN 0 85045 350 X OCLC 7770209 Ozdemir H 2008 2005 The Ottoman Army Disease and Death on the Battlefield 1914 1918 Salt Lake City University of Utah Press ISBN 978 1 60781 964 6 Patton George S 1936 The Defense of Gallipoli A General Staff Study Hawaii Hawaiian Department Plowman Peter 2013 Voyage to Gallipoli Kenthurst NSW Rosenberg ISBN 978 1 922013 53 8 Orr Philip 2006 Field of Bones An Irish Division at Gallipoli Dublin Ireland Lilliput Press ISBN 978 1 84351 065 9 Tyquin Michael 1993 Gallipoli The Medical War Sydney University of New South Wales Press ISBN 978 0 86840 189 8 Uyar Mesut 2015 The Ottoman Defence Against The Anzac Landing Australian Army Campaigns Vol 16 Newport NSW Big Sky ISBN 978 1 925275 01 8 Waite Fred 1919 The New Zealanders at Gallipoli Official History New Zealand s Effort in the Great War Vol I Auckland NZ Whitcombe and Tombs OCLC 8003944 aehlngkhxmulxunwikimiediykhxmmxnsmisuxthiekiywkhxngkb karthphklliophli Winston Churchill amp Gallipoli UK Parliament Living Heritage wikimiediykhxmmxnsmisuxekiywkb Battle of Gallipoli khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 2020 09 01 subkhnemux 2016 11 09 Original reports from The Times Omniatlas com khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 2014 04 19 subkhnemux 2016 11 09 Despatches The campaign at the Dardanelles Gallipoli The Long Long Trail Macquarie University khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 8 June 2013 Winston Churchill s World War Disaster Gallipoli casualties by country NZ History Gallipoli Diary hnngsuxesiyngsatharnsmbtithi Australia s role in the Gallipoli Campaign ABC and Department of Veteran s Affairs