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องค์การคอมมิวนิสต์สากล (อังกฤษ: Comintern หรือ Communist International; รัสเซีย: Коммунистический Интернационал) หรือเรียกว่า โคมินเทิร์น และ สากลที่สาม เป็นองค์การที่ทำหน้าที่เผยแพร่แนวความคิดปฏิวัติ ล้มล้างนายทุนและจักรวรรดินิยมตามแบบการปฏิวัติของบอลเชวิก เมื่อโจเซฟ สตาลินขึ้นมามีอำนาจสืบต่อจากเลนิน ซึ่งถึงแก่กรรมในปี ค.ศ. 1924 สตาลินได้พัฒนาแนวนโยบายของเลนินออกไปเพื่อให้โซเวียตรัสเซียมีความเข้มแข็งมากขึ้น ดยใช้หลักสังคมนิยมประเทศเดียว (Socialism in one country) ควบคู่ไปกับการดำเนินนโยบาย (Peaceful Co-Existence)
องค์การคอมมิวนิสต์สากล | |
|---|---|
 | |
| ผู้ก่อตั้ง | วลาดีมีร์ เลนิน |
| ก่อตั้ง | 2 มีนาคม 1919 |
| ถูกยุบ | 15 พฤษภาคม 1943 |
| ก่อนหน้า | |
| ถัดไป | โคมินฟอร์ม |
| ฝ่ายเยาวชน | |
| ฝ่ายทหาร | International Brigades |
| อุดมการณ์ | |
| สี | แดง |
โคมินเทิร์นถูกยุบลงในปี 1943 และถูกแทนที่ด้วยโคมินฟอร์ม
หนังสือเพิ่มเติม
- Carr, E.H. Twilight of the Comintern, 1930-1935. New York: Pantheon Books, 1982.
- Chase, William J. Enemies within the Gates? The Comintern and the Stalinist Repression, 1934-1939. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2001.
- Gankin, Olga Hess and Harold Henry Fisher. The Bolsheviks and the World War: The Origin of the Third International. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1940.
- Haithcox, John Patrick. Communism and nationalism in India: MN Roy and Comintern policy, 1920-1939 (1971)
- Hallas, Duncan. The Comintern: The History of the Third International. London: Bookmarks, 1985.
- . Setting the East Ablaze: Lenin's Dream of a Empire in Asia 1984 (1984)
- , World Revolution 1917-1936: The Rise and Fall of the Communist International. Humanities Press, 1993.
- Lazitch, Branko and Milorad M. Drachkovitch. Biographical dictionary of the Comintern (2nd ed. 1986)
- McDermott, Kevin. "The History of the Comintern in Light of New Documents," in Tim Rees and Andrew Thorpe (eds.), International Communism and the Communist International, 1919-43. Manchester, England: Manchester University Press, 1998.
- McDermott, Kevin. "Rethinking the Comintern: Soviet Historiography, 1987-1991," Labour History Review, vol. 57, no. 3 (Wintern 1992), pp 37–58.
- McDermott, Kevin, and J. Agnew. The Comintern: a History of International Communism from Lenin to Stalin. Basingstoke, 1996.
- Melograni, Piero. Lenin and the Myth of World Revolution: Ideology and Reasons of State 1917-1920, Humanities Press, 1990.
- Priestland, David. The Red Flag: A History of Communism. 2010.
- Smith, S. A. (ed.) The Oxford Handbook of the History of Communism (2014) ch 10 on Commintern
- Ulam, Adam B. Expansion and Coexistence: Soviet Foreign Policy, 1917-1973. Second Edition. New York: Praeger Publishers, 1974.
- Worley, Matthew et al. (eds.) Bolshevism, Stalinism and the Comintern: Perspectives on Stalinization, 1917-53. (2008)
- The Comintern and its Critics (Special issue of Revolutionary History Volume 8, no 1, Summer 2001)
Primary sources
- Davidson, Apollon, et al. (eds.) South Africa and the Communist International: A Documentary History. In Two Volumes. 2003.
- Firsov, Fridrikh I., Harvey Klehr, and John Earl Haynes, eds. Secret Cables of the Comintern, 1933-1943. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2014.
- Riddell, John (ed.) : The Communist International in Lenin's Time, Vol. 1: Lenin's Struggle for a Revolutionary International: Documents: 1907-1916: The Preparatory Years. New York: Monad Press, 1984.
- Riddell, John (ed.) : The Communist International in Lenin's Time, Vol. 2: The German Revolution and the Debate on Soviet Power: Documents: 1918-1919: Preparing the Founding Congress. New York: Pathfinder Press, 1986.
- Riddell, John (ed.) The Communist International in Lenin's Time, Vol. 3: Founding the Communist International: Proceedings and Documents of the First Congress: March 1919. New York: Pathfinder Press, 1987.
- Riddell, John (ed.) The Communist International in Lenin's Time: Workers of the World and Oppressed Peoples Unite! Proceedings and Documents of the Second Congress, 1920. In Two Volumes.
New York: Pathfinder Press, 1991.
- Riddell, John (ed.) The Communist International in Lenin's Time: To See the Dawn: Baku, 1920: First Congress of the Peoples of the East. New York: Pathfinder Press, 1993.
- Riddell, John (ed.) Toward the United Front: Proceedings of the Fourth Congress of the Communist International, 1922. Lieden, NL: Brill, 2012.
แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น
- Lenin's speech: The Third, Communist International ()
- Site Comintern Archives (อังกฤษ)
- Site Comintern Archives (รัสเซีย)
- Comintern History Archive Marxists Internet Archive
- The Communist International Journal of the Comintern, Marxists Internet Archive
- Outline History of the Communist International
- The Internationale by , 1964
- Report from Moscow, 3rd International congress, 1920 by
- Article on the Third International from the Encyclopædia Britannica
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xngkhkarkhxmmiwnistsakl xngkvs Comintern hrux Communist International rsesiy Kommunisticheskij Internacional hruxeriykwa okhminethirn aela saklthisam epnxngkhkarthithahnathiephyaephraenwkhwamkhidptiwti lmlangnaythunaelackrwrrdiniymtamaebbkarptiwtikhxngbxlechwik emuxocesf stalinkhunmamixanacsubtxcakelnin sungthungaekkrrminpi kh s 1924 stalinidphthnaaenwnoybaykhxngelninxxkipephuxihosewiytrsesiymikhwamekhmaekhngmakkhun dyichhlksngkhmniympraethsediyw Socialism in one country khwbkhuipkbkardaeninnoybay Peaceful Co Existence xngkhkarkhxmmiwnistsaklphukxtngwladimir elninkxtng2 minakhm 1919 105 pikxn 1919 03 02 thukyub15 phvsphakhm 1943 81 pikxn 1943 05 15 kxnhnathdipokhminfxrmfayeyawchnfaythharInternational Brigadesxudmkarnkhxmmiwnist makssist elninnistsiaedngnitysarkhxngokhminethirnchuxkhxmmiwnist xinetxrenchnenlepnnitysarthiaeplthukphasainyuorpphimphtngaetpi 1919 thung 1943 okhminethirnthukyublnginpi 1943 aelathukaethnthidwyokhminfxrmhnngsuxephimetimCarr E H Twilight of the Comintern 1930 1935 New York Pantheon Books 1982 Chase William J Enemies within the Gates The Comintern and the Stalinist Repression 1934 1939 New Haven CT Yale University Press 2001 Gankin Olga Hess and Harold Henry Fisher The Bolsheviks and the World War The Origin of the Third International Stanford CA Stanford University Press 1940 Haithcox John Patrick Communism and nationalism in India MN Roy and Comintern policy 1920 1939 1971 Hallas Duncan The Comintern The History of the Third International London Bookmarks 1985 Setting the East Ablaze Lenin s Dream of a Empire in Asia 1984 1984 World Revolution 1917 1936 The Rise and Fall of the Communist International Humanities Press 1993 Lazitch Branko and Milorad M Drachkovitch Biographical dictionary of the Comintern 2nd ed 1986 McDermott Kevin The History of the Comintern in Light of New Documents in Tim Rees and Andrew Thorpe eds International Communism and the Communist International 1919 43 Manchester England Manchester University Press 1998 McDermott Kevin Rethinking the Comintern Soviet Historiography 1987 1991 Labour History Review vol 57 no 3 Wintern 1992 pp 37 58 McDermott Kevin and J Agnew The Comintern a History of International Communism from Lenin to Stalin Basingstoke 1996 Melograni Piero Lenin and the Myth of World Revolution Ideology and Reasons of State 1917 1920 Humanities Press 1990 Priestland David The Red Flag A History of Communism 2010 Smith S A ed The Oxford Handbook of the History of Communism 2014 ch 10 on Commintern Ulam Adam B Expansion and Coexistence Soviet Foreign Policy 1917 1973 Second Edition New York Praeger Publishers 1974 Worley Matthew et al eds Bolshevism Stalinism and the Comintern Perspectives on Stalinization 1917 53 2008 The Comintern and its Critics Special issue of Revolutionary History Volume 8 no 1 Summer 2001 Primary sources Davidson Apollon et al eds South Africa and the Communist International A Documentary History In Two Volumes 2003 Firsov Fridrikh I Harvey Klehr and John Earl Haynes eds Secret Cables of the Comintern 1933 1943 New Haven CT Yale University Press 2014 Riddell John ed The Communist International in Lenin s Time Vol 1 Lenin s Struggle for a Revolutionary International Documents 1907 1916 The Preparatory Years New York Monad Press 1984 Riddell John ed The Communist International in Lenin s Time Vol 2 The German Revolution and the Debate on Soviet Power Documents 1918 1919 Preparing the Founding Congress New York Pathfinder Press 1986 Riddell John ed The Communist International in Lenin s Time Vol 3 Founding the Communist International Proceedings and Documents of the First Congress March 1919 New York Pathfinder Press 1987 Riddell John ed The Communist International in Lenin s Time Workers of the World and Oppressed Peoples Unite Proceedings and Documents of the Second Congress 1920 In Two Volumes New York Pathfinder Press 1991 Riddell John ed The Communist International in Lenin s Time To See the Dawn Baku 1920 First Congress of the Peoples of the East New York Pathfinder Press 1993 Riddell John ed Toward the United Front Proceedings of the Fourth Congress of the Communist International 1922 Lieden NL Brill 2012 aehlngkhxmulxunwikimiediykhxmmxnsmisuxthiekiywkhxngkb xngkhkarkhxmmiwnistsakl Lenin s speech The Third Communist International Site Comintern Archives xngkvs Site Comintern Archives rsesiy Comintern History Archive Marxists Internet Archive The Communist International Journal of the Comintern Marxists Internet Archive Outline History of the Communist International The Internationale by 1964 Report from Moscow 3rd International congress 1920 by Article on the Third International from the Encyclopaedia Britannicabthkhwamekiywkbkaremuxng karpkkhrxngniyngepnokhrng khunsamarthchwywikiphiediyidodykarephimetimkhxmuldkhk