ระยะฟักคือช่วงเวลาระหว่างการสัมผัสสิ่งที่ทำให้เกิดโรค (เช่น เชื้อก่อโรค สารเคมี หรือรังสี เป็นต้น) กับการปรากฏอาการของโรค ในกรณีโรคติดเชื้อ ระยะฟักคือระยะเวลาที่เชื้อเพิ่มจำนวนจนถึงจุดที่จะทำให้เกิดอาการในผู้ป่วยได้
ตัวอย่าง
ระยะฟักมีความแตกต่างกันไปในแต่ละการเจ็บป่วยแต่ละครั้ง แต่ละคน ดังนั้นจึงระบุได้เป็นช่วง หรือหากเป็นไปได้อาจระบุด้วยค่าเปอร์เซนไทล์ที่ 10 และ 90 แม้จะทำไม่ได้ในทุกกรณีก็ตาม
Disease | between | and | period |
---|---|---|---|
Cellulitis caused by | 0 | 1 | days |
Chicken pox | 14 | 16 | days |
Cholera | 0.5 | 4.5 | days |
(Fifth disease) | 13 | 18 | days |
Influenza | 1 | 3 | days |
Common cold | 1 | 3 | days |
Dengue fever | 3 | 14 | days |
Ebola | 2 | 21 | days |
Roseola | 5 | 15 | days |
HIV | 2 | 3 | weeks to months, or longer |
Infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever) | 28 | 42 | days |
Kuru disease | 10.3 | 13.2 | years (mean) |
Marburg | 5 | 10 | days |
Measles | 9 | 12 | days |
Mumps | 14 | 18 | days |
Norovirus | 1 | 2 | days |
Pertussis (whooping cough) | 7 | 14 | days |
Polio | 7 | 14 | days |
2 | 14 | days | |
Rubella (German measles) | 14 | 21 | days |
Scarlet fever | 1 | 4 | days |
SARS | 1 | 10 | days |
Smallpox | 7 | 17 | days |
Tetanus | 7 | 21 | days |
อ้างอิง
- Cellulitis, kidshealth.org. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Chicken Pox, About.com. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- pubmed, Azman AS, Rudolph KE, Cummings DAT, Lessler J (2013) The incubation period of cholera: A systematic review. Journal of Infection 66:432–438.
- Fifth Disease or Erythema Infectiosum, Medscape Reference, emedicine.medscape.com. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Seasonal Influenza (Flu), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, cdc.gov. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Common cold, The Mayo Clinic, mayoclinic.com. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Gubler, Duane J., Dengue and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever 2010-10-08 ที่ เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน, Clinical Microbiology Reviews, July 1998, 11(3):480-496, cmr.asm.org. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, cdc.gov. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Roseola Infantum, Medscape Reference, emedicine.medscape.com. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Basic Information about HIV and AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, cdc.gov. Accessed 2012-5-28. See also Kahn, J. O. and Walker, B. D., Acute Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 infection, New England Journal of Medicine, (1998) 331(1):33–39. doi:10.1056/NEJM199807023390107. PMID 9647878. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Macnair, Trisha, Glandular fever, BBC, bbc.co.uk. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Huillard d'Aignaux, JN, Cousens, SN, Maccario, J, Costagliola, D, Alpers, MP, Smith PG, and Alpérovitch, A, The incubation period of kuru, Epidemiology, 2002 July, 13(4):402-8, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. PMID 12094094. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Questions and Answers About Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, cdc.gov. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Measles, American Osteopathic College of Dermatology, aocd.org. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Mumps Disease, Questions & Answers 2007-11-20 ที่ เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน, vaccineinformation.org. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Norovirus, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, cdc.gov. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Pertussis, GPnotebook, gpnotebook.co.uk. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Polio, , gpnotebook.co.uk. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, About.com. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Dermatologic Manifestations of Rubella, Medscape Reference, emedicine.medscape.com. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Balentine, Jerry, DO; O'Connor, Robert E., MD, et al, Scarlet Fever in Emergency Medicine, Reference, emedicine.medscape.com. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- World Health Organization (WHO), Severe acute respiratory syndrome, www.who.int. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Smallpox Disease Overview 2013-04-02 ที่ เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, cdc.gov. Accessed 2012-5-28.
- Tetanus, Medscape Reference, emedicine.medscape.com. Accessed 2012-5-28.
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