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ชาวต รก หร อเร ยกส น ๆ ว า เต ร ก ต รก Türkler เป นกล มชนเตอร ก กท ม จำนวนมากท ส ด พวกเขาพ ดภาษาต รก ในหลายสำเน ยง และเป

ชาวตุรกี

ชาวตุรกี
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ชาวตุรกี หรือเรียกสั้น ๆ ว่า เติร์ก (ตุรกี: Türkler) เป็นกลุ่มชนเตอร์กิกที่มีจำนวนมากที่สุด พวกเขาพูดภาษาตุรกีในหลายสำเนียง และเป็นประชากรที่อาศัยในประเทศตุรกีกับนอร์เทิร์นไซปรัส นอกจากนี้ ยังมีชุมชนเชื้อสายเติร์กที่อาศัยอยู่ทั่วบริเวณที่เคยเป็นของจักรวรรดิออตโตมันด้วย

ชาวตุรกี
Türkler
image
แผนที่ชาวตุรกีทั่วโลก
ประชากรทั้งหมด
ป. 80 ล้านคน
ภูมิภาคที่มีประชากรอย่างมีนัยสำคัญ
image ตุรกี  60,000,000–65,000,000
image นอร์เทิร์นไซปรัส  315,000
ชาวตุรกีพลัดถิ่นสมัยใหม่: 
image เยอรมนี3,000,000 ถึงมากกว่า 7,000,000
image เนเธอร์แลนด์500,000 ถึงมากกว่า 2,000,000
image ฝรั่งเศสมากกว่า 1,000,000
image สหรัฐมากกว่า 1,000,000
image สหราชอาณาจักร500,000
image ออสเตรีย360,000–500,000
image เบลเยียม250,000–500,000
image ออสเตรเลีย320,000
image คาซัคสถาน250,000
image สวีเดน185,000
image รัสเซีย109,883–150,000
image อาเซอร์ไบจาน130,000
image สวิตเซอร์แลนด์120,000
image แคนาดามากกว่า 100,000
image เดนมาร์ก70,000–75,000
image คีร์กีซสถาน55,000
image อิตาลี50,000
image อุซเบกิสถาน25,000
image นอร์เวย์16,500
image ยูเครน8,844–15,000
image เติร์กเมนิสถาน13,000
image ฟินแลนด์10,000
image โปแลนด์5,000
image นิวซีแลนด์3,600–4,600
image ไอร์แลนด์2,000–3,000
image บราซิล2,000-3,000
image ลีชเทินชไตน์1,000
ชนกลุ่มน้อยตุรกีในตะวันออกกลาง: 
image อิรัก3,000,000–5,000,000
image ซีเรีย1,000,000–1,700,000
image ลิเบีย1,000,000–1,400,000
image อียิปต์100,000–1,500,000
image เลบานอน280,000
image ซาอุดีอาระเบีย270,000–350,000
image เยเมน10,000-100,000
image จอร์แดน50,000
ชนกลุ่มน้อยตุรกีในคาบสมุทรบอลข่าน: 
ภาษา
ตุรกี
ศาสนา
ส่วนใหญ่นับถือศาสนาอิสลาม (ทั้งปฏิบัติและ), ส่วนใหญ่นับถือนิกายซุนนี รองลงมาคือ
ส่วนน้อยนับถือศาสนาคริสต์และยูดาห์
จำนวนมากไม่นับถือศาสนา
กลุ่มชาติพันธุ์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง
ชาวอาเซอร์ไบจาน,

ชาวเติร์กอพยพจากเอเชียกลางมาตั้งถิ่นฐานที่อานาโตเลียในคริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 11 ผ่านการพิชิตของจักรวรรดิเซลจุค นั่นถือเป็นจุดเริ่มต้นของการเปลี่ยนแปลงในภูมิภาคนี้ จากภูมิภาคที่ส่วนใหญ่พูดภาษากรีกหลังถูกแผลงเป็นกรีก ให้กลายเป็นมุสลิมเติร์ก จักรวรรดิออตโตมันครอบครองพื้นที่ส่วนใหญ่ของคาบสมุทรบอลข่าน, , ตะวันออกกลาง (ไม่รวมอิหร่าน ถึงแม้ว่าจะควบคุมบางส่วนก็ตาม) และแอฟริกาเหนือมาหลายศตวรรษจนกระทั่งสิ้นสุดสงครามโลกครั้งที่หนึ่ง หลังสงครามประกาศอิสรภาพตุรกี ทำให้จักรวรรดิออตโตมันสิ้นสุดลงในวันที่ 1 พฤศจิกายน ค.ศ. 1922 และประกาศเป็นสาธารณรัฐตุรกีในวันที่ 29 ตุลาคม ค.ศ. 1923

มาตราที่ 66 ระบุ "ชาวเติร์ก" เป็น: "ใครก็ตามที่มีพันธะกับรัฐตุรกีผ่านการผูกสัญชาติ" คำอธิบายทางกฎหมายของ "ชาวเติร์ก" ในฐานะตุรกีมีความแตกต่างจากคำอธิบายทางชาติพันธุ์ โดยประชากรชาวตุรกีส่วนใหญ่ (ประมาณร้อยละ 70-75) มีเชื้อสายเติร์ก และประชากรชาวเติร์กจำนวนมากเป็นมุสลิม

อ้างอิง

  1. Garibova, Jala (2011), "A Pan-Turkic Dream: Language Unification of Turks", ใน Fishman, Joshua; Garcia, Ofelia (บ.ก.), Handbook of Language and Ethnic Identity: The Success-Failure Continuum in Language and Ethnic Identity Efforts, , p. 268, ISBN , Approximately 200 million people,... speak nearly 40 Turkic languages and dialects. Turkey is the largest Turkic state, with about 60 million ethnic Turks living in its territories.
  2. Hobbs, Joseph J. (2017), Fundamentals of World Regional Geography, , p. 223, ISBN , The greatest are the 65 million Turks of Turkey, who speak Turkish, a Turkic language...
  3. "KKTC 2011 NÜFUS VE KONUT SAYIMI" (PDF). (PDF)จากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 27 September 2013. สืบค้นเมื่อ 14 February 2014.
  4. Orvis, Stephen; Drogus, Carol Ann (2018). Introducing Comparative Politics: Concepts and Cases in Context (ภาษาอังกฤษ). CQ Press. p. 305. ISBN . Today, nearly three million ethnic Turks live in Germany, and many have raised children there.
  5. Engstrom, Aineias, , , , คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 27 March 2021, สืบค้นเมื่อ 27 March 2021, The German census does not gather data on ethnicity, however according to estimates, somewhere between 4–7 million people with Turkish roots, or 5–9% of the population, live in Germany.
  6. Zestos, George K.; Cooke, Rachel N. (2020), Challenges for the EU as Germany Approaches Recession (PDF), , p. 22, Presently (2020) more than seven million Turks live in Germany.
  7. (2005), "Germany", ใน Von Hippel, Karin (บ.ก.), Europe Confronts Terrorism, Palgrave Macmillan, p. 53, ISBN , It is a little late to start the debate about being an immigrant country now, when already seven million Turks live in Germany.
  8. Aalberse, Suzanne; Backus, Ad; Muysken, Pieter (2019), Heritage Languages: A language Contact Approach, , p. 90, ISBN , the Dutch Turkish community... out of a population that over the years must have numbered half a million.
  9. (2004), EU Accession Dynamics and Conflict Resolution: Catalysing Peace Or Consolidating Partition in Cyprus?, , p. 130, ISBN , The Dutch government was concerned about Turkey's reaction to the European Council's conclusions on Cyprus, keeping in mind the presence of two million Turks in Holland and the strong business links with Turkey.
  10. van Veen, Rita (2007), 'De koningin heeft oog voor andere culturen', , จากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2021-04-12, สืบค้นเมื่อ 25 December 2020, Erol kan niet voor alle twee miljoen Turken in Nederland spreken, maar hij denkt dat Beatrix wel goed ligt bij veel van zijn landgenoten.
  11. Baker, Rauf (2021), The Netherlands: The EU's "New Britain"?, , , The Netherlands, which has a total population of 17 million, contains around two million Turks,...
  12. Hentz, Jean-Gustave; Hasselmann, Michel (2010). Transculturalité, religion, traditions autour de la mort en réanimation. . doi:10.1007/978-2-287-99072-4_33. ISBN . La France d’aujourd’hui est une société multiculturelle et multiethnique riche de 4,9 millions de migrants représentant environ 8 % de la population du pays. L’immigration massive de populations du sud de l’Europe de culture catholique après la deuxième guerre mondiale a été suivie par l’arrivée de trois millions d’Africains du Nord, d’un million de Turcs et de contingents importants d’Afrique Noire et d’Asie qui ont implanté en France un islam majoritairement sunnite (Maghrébins et Africains de l’Ouest) mais aussi chiite (Pakistanais et Africains de l’Est).
  13. Gallard, Joseph; Nguyen, Julien (2020), , , คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 14 February 2020, สืบค้นเมื่อ 25 November 2020, ... et ce grâce à la nombreuse diaspora turque, en particulier en France et en Allemagne. Ils seraient environ un million dans l'Hexagone, si ce n’est plus...es raisons derrière ne sont pas difficiles à deviner : l’immense population turque en Allemagne, estimée par Merkel elle-même aux alentours de sept millions et qui ne manquerait pas de se faire entendre si l’Allemagne prenait des mesures allant à l’encontre de la Turquie.
  14. Contrat d'objectifs et de moyens (COM) 2020-2022 de France Médias Monde: Mme Joëlle Garriaud-Maylam, co-rapporteur, , 2021, สืบค้นเมื่อ 7 May 2021, Enfin, comme vous l'avez dit au sujet de la Turquie, il est essentiel que la France investisse davantage dans les langues qui sont parlées sur le territoire national. On recense plus d'un million de Turcs en France. Ils ne partagent pas toujours nos objectifs et nos valeurs, parce qu'ils subissent l'influence d'une presse qui ne nous est pas toujours très favorable. Il est donc très utile de les prendre en compte dans le développement de nos médias.
  15. "Remarks by Commerce Secretary Bryson, April 5, 2012", Foreign Policy Bulletin, , 22 (3): 137, 2012, Here in the U.S., you can see our person-to-person relationships growing stronger each day. You can see it in the 13,000 Turkish students that are studying here in the U.S. You can see it in corporate leaders like Muhtar Kent, the CEO of Coca-Cola, and you can see it in more than one million Turkish-Americans who add to the rich culture and fabric of our country.
  16. Remarks at Center for American Progress & Confederation of Businessmen and Industrialists of Turkey (TUSKON) Luncheon, , 2012, สืบค้นเมื่อ 13 November 2020
  17. "UK immigration analysis needed on Turkish legal migration, say MPs". The Guardian. 1 August 2011. สืบค้นเมื่อ 1 August 2011.
  18. Federation of Turkish Associations UK (19 June 2008). . คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 10 January 2012. สืบค้นเมื่อ 13 April 2011.
  19. (PDF), vol. 78, Initiative Minderheiten, 2011, คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2021-01-18, สืบค้นเมื่อ 2022-02-09, Was sind die Gründe für dieses massive Unbehagen angesichts von rund 360.000 Menschen türkischer Herkunft?
  20. . "In Österreich leben geschätzte 500.000 Türken, aber kaum mehr als 10–12.000 Slowenen". คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2012-07-22. สืบค้นเมื่อ 30 October 2020.
  21. Manço, Altay; Taş, Ertugrul (2019), "Migrations Matrimoniales: Facteurs de Risque en Sante´ Mentale", , , 64 (6): 444, doi:10.1177/0706743718802800, PMC 6591757, PMID 30380909
  22. Debels, Thierry (2021), , PMagazine, คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 16 August 2021, สืบค้นเมื่อ 16 August 2021, Volgens diverse bronnen zouden eerst een half miljoen Turken die toen in Belgie verbleven – Belgen van Turkse afkomst en aanverwanten – gescreend zijn.
  23. Lennie, Soraya (2017). "Turkish diaspora in Australia vote in referendum". . p. 28. สืบค้นเมื่อ 14 November 2020. An estimated 200,000 Turks live in Australia with most of them based in Melbourne's northern suburbs.
  24. Vahdettin, Levent; Aksoy, Seçil; Öz, Ulaş; Orhan, Kaan (2016), Three-dimensional cephalometric norms of Turkish Cypriots using CBCT images reconstructed from a volumetric rendering program in vivo, , Recent estimates suggest that there are now 500,000 Turkish Cypriots living in Turkey, 300,000 in the United Kingdom, 120,000 in Australia, 5000 in the United States, 2000 in Germany, 1800 in Canada, and 1600 in New Zealand with a smaller community in South Africa.
  25. Karcı, Durmuş (2018), "The Effects of Language Characters and Identity of Meskhetian Turkish in Kazakhstan", The Journal of Kesit Academy, 4 (13): 301–303
  26. Sayıner, Arda (2018). "Swedish touch in Turkey". . สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2021.
  27. Laczko, Frank; Stacher, Irene; Klekowski von Koppenfels, Amanda (2002), New challenges for Migration Policy in Central and Eastern Europe, Cambridge University Press, p. 187, ISBN 
  28. Widding, Lars. . KSF Prespa Birlik. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2021-07-20. สืบค้นเมื่อ 17 November 2020.
  29. Демоскоп Weekly. . คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 21 May 2012. สืบค้นเมื่อ 30 January 2012.
  30. Ryazantsev 2009, p. 172.
  31. Schweizer Nein könnte Europa-Skeptiker stärken, , 2009, สืบค้นเมื่อ 26 May 2021, Dabei erwarten Vertreter der rund 120.000 Türken in der Schweiz nach dem Referendum keine gravierenden Änderungen in ihrem Alltag.
  32. Aytaç, Seyit Ahmet (2018), Shared issues, stronger ties: Canada's envoy to Turkey, , สืบค้นเมื่อ 7 February 2021, Turkish diaspora of some 100,000 Turks largely in Toronto is growing, says Canadian Ambassador Chris Cooter ... We have a growing Turkish diaspora and they're doing very well in Canada. We think it's 100,000, largely in Toronto. We have several thousand Turkish students in Canada as well.
  33. Larsen, Nick Aagaard (2008), Tyrkisk afstand fra Islamisk Trossamfund, , สืบค้นเมื่อ 1 November 2020, Ud af cirka 200.000 muslimer i Danmark har 70.000 tyrkiske rødder, og de udgør dermed langt den største muslimske indvandrergruppe.
  34. Türk kadınının derdi Danimarka'da da aynı, , 2015, สืบค้นเมื่อ 7 September 2021, Danimarka’da yaşayan 75 bin Türk nüfusunda,...
  35. Seçkin, Barış (2020), İtalya'daki Türk vatandaşları Kovid-19 nedeniyle kayıp vermedi, , สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2021, İtalya’da yaşayan 50 bin kadar Türk vatandaşının
  36. Norwegian-Turkish cooperation, The Royal House of Norway, 2013, สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2021
  37. State Statistics Service of Ukraine. . คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 1 May 2008. สืบค้นเมื่อ 16 January 2012.
  38. Asgabat. . คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ June 24, 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2016-05-27.
  39. Kütük, Zeki (2010), Finlandiya'da Yabancı Düşmanlığı, Sosyal Dışlanma ve Türk Diasporası, Türk Asya Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi, สืบค้นเมื่อ 8 November 2020, Toplam sayılarının 10 000 civarında olduğu tahmin edilen Türklerin...
  40. Pawłowska-Salińska, Katarzyna (2013), Nie pytaj Turka o kebab i język arabski, , สืบค้นเมื่อ 3 November 2020, Turków jest w Polsce ok. 5 tys. – wynika z danych opracowanych przez Instytut Spraw Publicznych.
  41. . Pearl of the Islands Foundation. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 13 พฤษภาคม 2010. สืบค้นเมื่อ 29 ตุลาคม 2008.
  42. Lacey, Jonathan (2007), (PDF), Translocations: The Irish Migration, Race and Social Transformation Review, 1 (2), คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 21 กรกฎาคม 2011, สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 กันยายน 2010
  43. "Imigrantes internacionais registrados no Brasil". www.nepo.unicamp.br. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2021-08-20.{{}}: CS1 maint: url-status ()
  44. Bir masal ülkesinde yaşam öğretisi., , 2009, สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2021, Bu küçücük ülkede yaşayan 1000 Türk'ten...
  45. Triana, María (2017), Managing Diversity in Organizations: A Global Perspective, , p. 168, ISBN , Turkmen, Iraqi citizens of Turkish origin, are the third largest ethnic group in Iraq after Arabs and Kurds and they are said to number about 3 million of Iraq's 34.7 million citizens according to the Iraqi Ministry of Planning.
  46. Bassem, Wassim (2016). . . คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 17 October 2016. Turkmens are a mix of Sunnis and Shiites and are the third-largest ethnicity in Iraq after Arabs and Kurds, numbering about 3 million out of the total population of about 34.7 million, according to 2013 data from the Iraqi Ministry of Planning.
  47. Tastekin, Fehim (2018). . . คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 12 September 2021. สืบค้นเมื่อ 12 September 2021. Turkmens are said to be 10-13% of the overall Iraqi population [i.e. 4 to 5 million out of a total population of 40 million], but that ratio is not reflected in parliament.
  48. Taef, El-Azhari (2005). "The Turkmen Identity Crisis in the fifteenth-century Middle East: The Turkmen-Turkish Struggle for Supremacy" (PDF). Chronica. 5. (PDF)จากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 12 June 2018. สืบค้นเมื่อ 9 June 2018. The Turkmen were always the forgotten minority in the area despite their large population. In the absence of official records, their numbers cannot be calculated, but it is widely accepted that they exceed three millions in Iraq, and one million in Syria and other countries.
  49. Aikman, David (2014), The Mirage of Peace: Understand The Never-Ending Conflict in the Middle East, , ISBN , There is also about 1.7 million Turks in Syria, and about 800,000 Druze,...
  50. Rashad, Sarah (2020). . Centre d'Etudes Moyen-Orient (CEMO). คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2022-06-05. สืบค้นเมื่อ 19 August 2021.
  51. Scipione, Alessandro (2019), Libia, la mappa dei combattenti stranieri, Inside Over, สืบค้นเมื่อ 26 September 2019, La Turchia peraltro può vantare in Livia una numerosa comunità dei “Koroglu” (i libici di discendenza turca) che conterrebbe ben 1,4 milioni di individui, concentrati soprattutto a Misurata, la “città-Stato” situata circa 180 chilometri a est di Tripoli: praticamente meno un libico su quattro in Libia ha origini turche.
  52. Gamal, Gamal, , , คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2019-06-20, สืบค้นเมื่อ 1 May 2018, Today, the number of ethnic Turks in Egypt varies considerably, with estimates ranging from 100,000 to 1,500,000. Most have intermingled in Egyptian society and are almost indistinguishable from non-Turkish Egyptians, even though a considerable number of Egyptians of Turkish origin are bilingual.
  53. Al-Akhbar. . . คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 20 June 2018. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2012-03-02. Erdogan's envoys were surprised to find out that Turks who immigrated 100 years ago today number nearly 80,000.
  54. "Suriye Türkmenlerinin sorunlarına ilişkin gündem dışı konuşması". . 2018. สืบค้นเมื่อ 17 December 2020. Yaklaşık olarak 200 bin Türkmen'in Lübnan'da yaşadığı tahmin edilmektedir.
  55. Akar 1993, p. 95.
  56. Karpat 2004, p. 12.
  57. Yemen Raporu, Union of NGOs of The Islamic World, 2014, p. 26, Bu noktadan hareketle, bölgede yaklaşık 10 bin ila 100 bin arasında Türk asıllı vatandaş bulunduğu tahmin edilmektedir.
  58. Alaca, Mehmet (2019). "'Ürdün'de Kadim Türk Varlığı ve Akraba Topluluklar' raporu tanıtıldı". . สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2021.
  59. Barthold (1962) harvp error: no target: CITEREFBarthold1962 ()""The book of my grandfather Korkut" ("Kitab-i dedem Korkut") is an outstanding monument of the medieval Oghuz heroic epic. Three modern Turkic-speaking peoples - Turkmens, Azerbaijanis and Turks - are ethnically and linguistically related to the medieval Oghuzes. For all these peoples, the epic legends deposited in the "Book of Korkut" represent an artistic reflection of their historical past."
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  • Yardumian, Aram; Schurr, Theodore G. (2011), "Who Are the Anatolian Turks? A Reappraisal of the Anthropological Genetic Evidence", Anthropology & Archeology of Eurasia, 50 (1): 6–42, doi:10.2753/AAE1061-1959500101, S2CID 142580885[]
  • Yiangou, Anastasia (2010), Cyprus in World War II: Politics and Conflict in the Eastern Mediterranean, I.B.Tauris, ISBN .
  • Zeytinoğlu, Güneş N.; Bonnabeau, Richard F.; Eşkinat, Rana (2012), "Ethnopolitical Conflict in Turkey: Turkish Armenians: From Nationalism to Diaspora", ใน Landis, Dan; Albert, Rosita D. (บ.ก.), Handbook of Ethnic Conflict: International Perspectives, Springer, ISBN .

อ่านเพิ่ม

  • , Algeria Embassy Trade Consultancy, คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 29 September 2013.
  • "Community Profile: Kosovo Turks", Kosovo Communities Profile 2010, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, 8 February 2011.
  • [PRESS RELEASE – on the provisional results of the Population and Housing Census – 2011] (PDF) (Press release) (ภาษาโรมาเนีย). Romania: Central Commission for the Census of Population and Housing. February 2, 2012. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2019-08-02. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2022-02-09.
  • (Report). Europe Report N°210. International Crisis Group. 9 December 2010. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 3 November 2011.
  • (Report). Middle East Report N°81. International Crisis Group. 13 November 2008. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 12 January 2011.
  • Population by ethnic groups, regions, counties and areas (PDF), Romania: National Institute of Statistics, 2002
  • The Report: Algeria 2008, Oxford Business Group, 2008, ISBN .

แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น

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chawturki hruxeriyksn wa etirk turki Turkler epnklumchnetxrkikthimicanwnmakthisud phwkekhaphudphasaturkiinhlaysaeniyng aelaepnprachakrthixasyinpraethsturkikbnxrethirnisprs nxkcakni yngmichumchnechuxsayetirkthixasyxyuthwbriewnthiekhyepnkhxngckrwrrdixxtotmndwychawturkiTurkleraephnthichawturkithwolkprachakrthnghmdp 80 lankhnphumiphakhthimiprachakrxyangminysakhy turki 60 000 000 65 000 000 nxrethirnisprs 315 000chawturkiphldthinsmyihm eyxrmni3 000 000 thungmakkwa 7 000 000 enethxraelnd500 000 thungmakkwa 2 000 000 frngessmakkwa 1 000 000 shrthmakkwa 1 000 000 shrachxanackr500 000 xxsetriy360 000 500 000 ebleyiym250 000 500 000 xxsetreliy320 000 khaskhsthan250 000 swiedn185 000 rsesiy109 883 150 000 xaesxribcan130 000 switesxraelnd120 000 aekhnadamakkwa 100 000 ednmark70 000 75 000 khirkissthan55 000 xitali50 000 xusebkisthan25 000 nxrewy16 500 yuekhrn8 844 15 000 etirkemnisthan13 000 finaelnd10 000 opaelnd5 000 niwsiaelnd3 600 4 600 ixraelnd2 000 3 000 brasil2 000 3 000 lichethinchitn1 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tulakhm kh s 1923 matrathi 66 rabu chawetirk epn ikhrktamthimiphnthakbrthturkiphankarphuksychati khaxthibaythangkdhmaykhxng chawetirk inthanaturkimikhwamaetktangcakkhaxthibaythangchatiphnthu odyprachakrchawturkiswnihy pramanrxyla 70 75 miechuxsayetirk aelaprachakrchawetirkcanwnmakepnmuslimxangxingGaribova Jala 2011 A Pan Turkic Dream Language Unification of Turks in Fishman Joshua Garcia Ofelia b k Handbook of Language and Ethnic Identity The Success Failure Continuum in Language and Ethnic Identity Efforts p 268 ISBN 9780199837991 Approximately 200 million people speak nearly 40 Turkic languages and dialects Turkey is the largest Turkic state with about 60 million ethnic Turks living in its territories Hobbs Joseph J 2017 Fundamentals of World Regional Geography p 223 ISBN 9781305854956 The greatest are the 65 million Turks of Turkey who speak Turkish a Turkic language KKTC 2011 NUFUS VE KONUT SAYIMI PDF PDF cakaehlngedimemux 27 September 2013 subkhnemux 14 February 2014 Orvis Stephen Drogus Carol Ann 2018 Introducing Comparative Politics Concepts and Cases in Context phasaxngkvs CQ Press p 305 ISBN 978 1 5443 7444 4 Today nearly three million ethnic Turks live in Germany and many have raised children there Engstrom Aineias khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 27 March 2021 subkhnemux 27 March 2021 The German census does not gather data on ethnicity however according to estimates somewhere between 4 7 million people with Turkish roots or 5 9 of the population live in Germany Zestos George K Cooke Rachel N 2020 Challenges for the EU as Germany Approaches Recession PDF p 22 Presently 2020 more than seven million Turks live in Germany 2005 Germany in Von Hippel Karin b k Europe Confronts Terrorism Palgrave Macmillan p 53 ISBN 978 0230524590 It is a little late to start the debate about being an immigrant country now when already seven million Turks live in Germany Aalberse Suzanne Backus Ad Muysken Pieter 2019 Heritage Languages A language Contact Approach p 90 ISBN 978 9027261762 the Dutch Turkish community out of a population that over the years must have numbered half a million 2004 EU Accession Dynamics and Conflict Resolution Catalysing Peace Or Consolidating Partition in Cyprus p 130 ISBN 9780754643104 The Dutch government was concerned about Turkey s reaction to the European Council s conclusions on Cyprus keeping in mind the presence of two million Turks in Holland and the strong business links with Turkey van Veen Rita 2007 De koningin heeft oog voor andere culturen cakaehlngedimemux 2021 04 12 subkhnemux 25 December 2020 Erol kan niet voor alle twee miljoen Turken in Nederland spreken maar hij denkt dat Beatrix wel goed ligt bij veel van zijn landgenoten Baker Rauf 2021 The Netherlands The EU s New Britain The Netherlands which has a total population of 17 million contains around two million Turks Hentz Jean Gustave Hasselmann Michel 2010 Transculturalite religion traditions autour de la mort en reanimation doi 10 1007 978 2 287 99072 4 33 ISBN 978 2 287 99072 4 La France d aujourd hui est une societe multiculturelle et multiethnique riche de 4 9 millions de migrants representant environ 8 de la population du pays L immigration massive de populations du sud de l Europe de culture catholique apres la deuxieme guerre mondiale a ete suivie par l arrivee de trois millions d Africains du Nord d un million de Turcs et de contingents importants d Afrique Noire et d Asie qui ont implante en France un islam majoritairement sunnite Maghrebins et Africains de l Ouest mais aussi chiite Pakistanais et Africains de l Est Gallard Joseph Nguyen Julien 2020 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 14 February 2020 subkhnemux 25 November 2020 et ce grace a la nombreuse diaspora turque en particulier en France et en Allemagne Ils seraient environ un million dans l Hexagone si ce n est plus es raisons derriere ne sont pas difficiles a deviner l immense population turque en Allemagne estimee par Merkel elle meme aux alentours de sept millions et qui ne manquerait pas de se faire entendre si l Allemagne prenait des mesures allant a l encontre de la Turquie Contrat d objectifs et de moyens COM 2020 2022 de France Medias Monde Mme Joelle Garriaud Maylam co rapporteur 2021 subkhnemux 7 May 2021 Enfin comme vous l avez dit au sujet de la Turquie il est essentiel que la France investisse davantage dans les langues qui sont parlees sur le territoire national On recense plus d un million de Turcs en France Ils ne partagent pas toujours nos objectifs et nos valeurs parce qu ils subissent l influence d une presse qui ne nous est pas toujours tres favorable Il est donc tres utile de les prendre en compte dans le developpement de nos medias Remarks by Commerce Secretary Bryson April 5 2012 Foreign Policy Bulletin 22 3 137 2012 Here in the U S you can see our person to person relationships growing stronger each day You can see it in the 13 000 Turkish students that are studying here in the U S You can see it in corporate leaders like Muhtar Kent the CEO of Coca Cola and you can see it in more than one million Turkish Americans who add to the rich culture and fabric of our country Remarks at Center for American Progress amp Confederation of Businessmen and Industrialists of Turkey TUSKON Luncheon 2012 subkhnemux 13 November 2020 UK immigration analysis needed on Turkish legal migration say MPs The Guardian 1 August 2011 subkhnemux 1 August 2011 Federation of Turkish Associations UK 19 June 2008 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 10 January 2012 subkhnemux 13 April 2011 PDF vol 78 Initiative Minderheiten 2011 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedim PDF emux 2021 01 18 subkhnemux 2022 02 09 Was sind die Grunde fur dieses massive Unbehagen angesichts von rund 360 000 Menschen turkischer Herkunft In Osterreich leben geschatzte 500 000 Turken aber kaum mehr als 10 12 000 Slowenen khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 2012 07 22 subkhnemux 30 October 2020 Manco Altay Tas Ertugrul 2019 Migrations Matrimoniales Facteurs de Risque en Sante Mentale 64 6 444 doi 10 1177 0706743718802800 PMC 6591757 PMID 30380909 Debels Thierry 2021 PMagazine khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 16 August 2021 subkhnemux 16 August 2021 Volgens diverse bronnen zouden eerst een half miljoen Turken die toen in Belgie verbleven Belgen van Turkse afkomst en aanverwanten gescreend zijn Lennie Soraya 2017 Turkish diaspora in Australia vote in referendum p 28 subkhnemux 14 November 2020 An estimated 200 000 Turks live in Australia with most of them based in Melbourne s northern suburbs Vahdettin Levent Aksoy Secil Oz Ulas Orhan Kaan 2016 Three dimensional cephalometric norms of Turkish Cypriots using CBCT images reconstructed from a volumetric rendering program in vivo Recent estimates suggest that there are now 500 000 Turkish Cypriots living in Turkey 300 000 in the United Kingdom 120 000 in Australia 5000 in the United States 2000 in Germany 1800 in Canada and 1600 in New Zealand with a smaller community in South Africa Karci Durmus 2018 The Effects of Language Characters and Identity of Meskhetian Turkish in Kazakhstan The Journal of Kesit Academy 4 13 301 303 Sayiner Arda 2018 Swedish touch in Turkey subkhnemux 6 September 2021 Laczko Frank Stacher Irene Klekowski von Koppenfels Amanda 2002 New challenges for Migration Policy in Central and Eastern Europe Cambridge University Press p 187 ISBN 978 90 6704 153 9 Widding Lars KSF Prespa Birlik khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 2021 07 20 subkhnemux 17 November 2020 Demoskop Weekly khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 21 May 2012 subkhnemux 30 January 2012 Ryazantsev 2009 p 172 Schweizer Nein konnte Europa Skeptiker starken 2009 subkhnemux 26 May 2021 Dabei erwarten Vertreter der rund 120 000 Turken in der Schweiz nach dem Referendum keine gravierenden Anderungen in ihrem Alltag Aytac Seyit Ahmet 2018 Shared issues stronger ties Canada s envoy to Turkey subkhnemux 7 February 2021 Turkish diaspora of some 100 000 Turks largely in Toronto is growing says Canadian Ambassador Chris Cooter We have a growing Turkish diaspora and they re doing very well in Canada We think it s 100 000 largely in Toronto We have several thousand Turkish students in Canada as well Larsen Nick Aagaard 2008 Tyrkisk afstand fra Islamisk Trossamfund subkhnemux 1 November 2020 Ud af cirka 200 000 muslimer i Danmark har 70 000 tyrkiske rodder og de udgor dermed langt den storste muslimske indvandrergruppe Turk kadininin derdi Danimarka da da ayni 2015 subkhnemux 7 September 2021 Danimarka da yasayan 75 bin Turk nufusunda Seckin Baris 2020 Italya daki Turk vatandaslari Kovid 19 nedeniyle kayip vermedi subkhnemux 6 September 2021 Italya da yasayan 50 bin kadar Turk vatandasinin Norwegian Turkish cooperation The Royal House of Norway 2013 subkhnemux 6 September 2021 State Statistics Service of Ukraine khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 1 May 2008 subkhnemux 16 January 2012 Asgabat khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux June 24 2016 subkhnemux 2016 05 27 Kutuk Zeki 2010 Finlandiya da Yabanci Dusmanligi Sosyal Dislanma ve Turk Diasporasi Turk Asya Stratejik Arastirmalar Merkezi subkhnemux 8 November 2020 Toplam sayilarinin 10 000 civarinda oldugu tahmin edilen Turklerin Pawlowska Salinska Katarzyna 2013 Nie pytaj Turka o kebab i jezyk arabski subkhnemux 3 November 2020 Turkow jest w Polsce ok 5 tys wynika z danych opracowanych przez Instytut Spraw Publicznych Pearl of the Islands Foundation khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 13 phvsphakhm 2010 subkhnemux 29 tulakhm 2008 Lacey Jonathan 2007 PDF Translocations The Irish Migration Race and Social Transformation Review 1 2 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedim PDF emux 21 krkdakhm 2011 subkhnemux 6 knyayn 2010 Imigrantes internacionais registrados no Brasil www nepo unicamp br subkhnemux 2021 08 20 a href wiki E0 B9 81 E0 B8 A1 E0 B9 88 E0 B9 81 E0 B8 9A E0 B8 9A Cite web title aemaebb Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status lingk Bir masal ulkesinde yasam ogretisi 2009 subkhnemux 6 September 2021 Bu kucucuk ulkede yasayan 1000 Turk ten Triana Maria 2017 Managing Diversity in Organizations A Global Perspective p 168 ISBN 978 1 317 42368 3 Turkmen Iraqi citizens of Turkish origin are the third largest ethnic group in Iraq after Arabs and Kurds and they are said to number about 3 million of Iraq s 34 7 million citizens according to the Iraqi Ministry of Planning Bassem Wassim 2016 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 17 October 2016 Turkmens are a mix of Sunnis and Shiites and are the third largest ethnicity in Iraq after Arabs and Kurds numbering about 3 million out of the total population of about 34 7 million according to 2013 data from the Iraqi Ministry of Planning Tastekin Fehim 2018 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 12 September 2021 subkhnemux 12 September 2021 Turkmens are said to be 10 13 of the overall Iraqi population i e 4 to 5 million out of a total population of 40 million but that ratio is not reflected in parliament Taef El Azhari 2005 The Turkmen Identity Crisis in the fifteenth century Middle East The Turkmen Turkish Struggle for Supremacy PDF Chronica 5 PDF cakaehlngedimemux 12 June 2018 subkhnemux 9 June 2018 The Turkmen were always the forgotten minority in the area despite their large population In the absence of official records their numbers cannot be calculated but it is widely accepted that they exceed three millions in Iraq and one million in Syria and other countries Aikman David 2014 The Mirage of Peace Understand The Never Ending Conflict in the Middle East ISBN 9781441223555 There is also about 1 7 million Turks in Syria and about 800 000 Druze Rashad Sarah 2020 Centre d Etudes Moyen Orient CEMO khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 2022 06 05 subkhnemux 19 August 2021 Scipione Alessandro 2019 Libia la mappa dei combattenti stranieri Inside Over subkhnemux 26 September 2019 La Turchia peraltro puo vantare in Livia una numerosa comunita dei Koroglu i libici di discendenza turca che conterrebbe ben 1 4 milioni di individui concentrati soprattutto a Misurata la citta Stato situata circa 180 chilometri a est di Tripoli praticamente meno un libico su quattro in Libia ha origini turche Gamal Gamal khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 2019 06 20 subkhnemux 1 May 2018 Today the number of ethnic Turks in Egypt varies considerably with estimates ranging from 100 000 to 1 500 000 Most have intermingled in Egyptian society and are almost indistinguishable from non Turkish Egyptians even though a considerable number of Egyptians of Turkish origin are bilingual Al Akhbar khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 20 June 2018 subkhnemux 2012 03 02 Erdogan s envoys were surprised to find out that Turks who immigrated 100 years ago today number nearly 80 000 Suriye Turkmenlerinin sorunlarina iliskin gundem disi konusmasi 2018 subkhnemux 17 December 2020 Yaklasik olarak 200 bin Turkmen in Lubnan da yasadigi tahmin edilmektedir Akar 1993 p 95 Karpat 2004 p 12 Yemen Raporu Union of NGOs of The Islamic World 2014 p 26 Bu noktadan hareketle bolgede yaklasik 10 bin ila 100 bin arasinda Turk asilli vatandas bulundugu tahmin edilmektedir Alaca Mehmet 2019 Urdun de Kadim Turk Varligi ve Akraba Topluluklar raporu tanitildi subkhnemux 6 September 2021 Barthold 1962 harvp error no target CITEREFBarthold1962 The book of my grandfather Korkut Kitab i dedem Korkut is an outstanding monument of the medieval Oghuz heroic epic Three modern Turkic speaking peoples Turkmens Azerbaijanis and Turks are ethnically and linguistically related to the medieval Oghuzes For all these peoples the epic legends deposited in the Book of Korkut represent an artistic reflection of their historical past National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria 2011 2011 Population Census in the Republic of Bulgaria Final data PDF National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria Aydinli Karakulak Arzu Baylar Ayben Keles Seray Cagla Dimitrova Radosveta 2018 Positive Affect and School Related Outcomes Feeling Good Facilitates School Engagement Among Turkish Bulgarian Minority Adolescents in Dimitrova Radosveta b k Well Being of Youth and Emerging Adults across Cultures Novel Approaches and Findings from Europe Asia Africa and America p 149 ISBN 9783319683638 Turks in Bulgaria represent the largest ethnic minority group in the country constituting almost 10 of Bulgaria s seven million total population Bokova 2010 p 170 Census of Population Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Macedonia 2002 PDF Republic of Macedonia State Statistical Office 2005 subkhnemux 12 December 2017 Knowlton MaryLee Nevins Debbie 2020 North Macedonia Cavendish Square Publishing ISBN 9781502655905 The Turks are the second largest national minority in Macedonia Like other ethnic groups they claim higher numbers than the census shows somewhere between 170 000 and 200 000 GREEK HELSINKI MONITOR Minelres lv subkhnemux 12 December 2017 Demographics of Greece European Union National Languages subkhnemux 19 December 2010 PDF Human Rights Watch khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedim PDF emux 2021 01 16 subkhnemux 3 January 2018 Human Rights Watch khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 2021 01 18 subkhnemux 3 January 2018 National Institute of Statistics 2011 PDF Romania National Institute of Statistics p 10 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedim PDF emux 2019 08 02 subkhnemux 2022 02 09 Phinnemore David 2006 The EU and Romania accession and beyond The Federal Trust for Education amp Research p 157 ISBN 978 1 903403 78 5 Today there are around 55 000 Turks living in Romania and they are represented as a minority in parliament Constantin Daniela L Goschin Zizi Dragusin Mariana 2008 Ethnic entrepreneurship as an integration factor in civil society and a gate to religious tolerance A spotlight on Turkish entrepreneurs in Romania Journal for the Study of Religions and Ideologies 7 20 59 The significant Turkish population living in Romania nearly 80 000 members including immigrants 2011 census in the Republic of Kosovo txngkarxangxingetmrupaebb OSCE 2010 Community Profile Kosovo Turks Kosovo Communities Profile Organization for Security and Co operation in Europe p 3 Approximately 30 000 Kosovo Turks live in Kosovo today while up to 250 000 people from different Kosovo communities speak or at least understand the Turkish language The Turkish language has been granted official language status in the municipalities of Prizren and Vushtrri Vucitrn Kibaroglu Mustafa Kibaroglu Ayșegul 2009 Global Security Watch Turkey A Reference Handbook p 107 ISBN 9780313345609 Turks themselves are also an important ethnic minority in the region In Kosovo their number is estimated to be around 60 000 1 Stanovnistvo prema etnickoj nacionalnoj pripadnosti detaljna klasifikacija Popis gov ba PDF 2012 p 72 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedim PDF emux 2014 11 14 subkhnemux 2013 11 02 Popis stanovnishtva domaћinstava i stanova 2011 u Republici Srbiјi PDF 2012 p 2 subkhnemux 12 September 2021 Stanovnistvo prema narodnosti popisi 1971 2011 phasaokhrexechiy subkhnemux 22 November 2015 Statistical Office of Montenegro Population of Montenegro by sex type of settlement etnicity religion and mother tongue per municipalities PDF p 7 subkhnemux 21 September 2011 Davison Roderic H 2013 Essays in Ottoman and Turkish History 1774 1923 The Impact of the West University of Texas Press pp 3 4 ISBN 978 0292758940 cakaehlngedimemux 6 August 2018 subkhnemux 22 September 2016 So the Seljuk sultanate was a successor state ruling part of the medieval Greek empire and within it the process of Turkification of a previously Hellenized Anatolian population continued That population must already have been of very mixed ancestry deriving from ancient Hittite Phrygian Cappadocian and other civilizations as well as Roman and Greek Leonard Thomas M 2006 Turkey Encyclopedia of the Developing World Volume 3 Routledge p 1576 ISBN 9781579583880 Subsequently Hellenization of the elites transformed Anatolia into a largely Greek speaking region Sahadeo Jeff Zanca Russell 2007 Everyday life in Central Asia past and present Bloomington Indiana University Press pp 22 23 ISBN 978 0253013538 Akgonul Samim 2013 The minority concept in the Turkish context practices and perceptions in Turkey Greece and France aeplody Sila Okur Leiden Brill p 136 ISBN 978 9004222113 Bayir Derya 22 April 2016 Minorities and Nationalism in Turkish Law ISBN 978 1317095798 The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 2021 01 10 subkhnemux 12 December 2017 2010 Turks The Contemporary Middle East A Westview Reader p 27 ISBN 9780813344652 Generally they speak Turkish as a primary language are Muslims 90 are Sunni claim a Turkish heritage Four groups of Turks can be identified through cultural and geographic differences First the Anatolian Turks in Asia Minor Second the Rumelian Turks from Rum meaning Roman or European are European Turks who remained in Europe after the Ottoman days Third are descendants of Turks who stayed in various parts of the Middle East separated from the Ottoman Empire after World War I Fourth are some 200 000 Turkish Cypriots brrnanukrmAbadan Unat Nermin 2011 Turks in Europe From Guest Worker to Transnational Citizen Berghahn Books ISBN 978 1 84545 425 8 Abazov Rafis 2009 Culture and Customs of Turkey Greenwood Publishing Group ISBN 978 0313342158 Abrahams Fred 1996 A Threat to Stability Human Rights Violations in Macedonia Human Rights Watch ISBN 978 1 56432 170 1 Agoston Gabor 2010 Introduction in Agoston Gabor Masters Bruce Alan b k Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire Infobase Publishing ISBN 978 1438110257 Akar Metin 1993 Fas Arapcasinda Osmanli Turkcesinden Alinmis Kelimeler Turkluk Arastirmalari Dergisi 7 91 110 Akgunduz Ahmet 2008 Labour migration from Turkey to Western Europe 1960 1974 A multidisciplinary analysis Ashgate Publishing ISBN 978 0 7546 7390 3 Aydingun Aysegul Harding Cigdem Balim Hoover Matthew Kuznetsov Igor Swerdlow Steve 2006 Meskhetian Turks An Introduction to their History Culture and Resettelment Experiences Center for Applied Linguistics khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 29 October 2013 Babak Vladimir Vaisman Demian Wasserman Aryeh 2004 Political Organization in Central Asia and Azerbaijan Sources and Documents Routledge ISBN 978 0 7146 4838 5 Baedeker Karl 2000 Egypt Elibron ISBN 978 1402197055 Bainbridge James 2009 Turkey Lonely Planet ISBN 978 1741049275 Baran Zeyno 2010 Torn Country Turkey Between Secularism and Islamism Hoover Press ISBN 978 0817911447 Bennigsen Alexandre Broxup Marie 1983 The Islamic threat to the Soviet State Taylor amp Francis ISBN 978 0 7099 0619 3 Blacklock Denika 2005 PDF European Centre for Minority Issues khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedim PDF emux 2010 06 02 Bokova Irena 2010 Recontructions of Identities Regional vs National or Dynamics of Cultrual Relations in Ruegg Francois Boscoboinik Andrea b k From Palermo to Penang A Journey Into Political Anthropology LIT Verlag Munster ISBN 978 3643800626 Bogle Emory C 1998 Islam Origin and Belief University of Texas Press ISBN 978 0292708624 Bosma Ulbe Lucassen Jan Oostindie Gert 2012 Introduction Postcolonial Migrations and Identity Politics Towards a Comparative Perspective Postcolonial Migrants and Identity Politics Europe Russia Japan and the United States in Comparison Berghahn Books ISBN 978 0857453273 Brendemoen Bernt 2002 The Turkish Dialects of Trabzon Analysis Otto Harrassowitz Verlag ISBN 978 3447045704 Brendemoen Bernt 2006 Ottoman or Iranian An example of Turkic Iranian language contact in East Anatolian dialects in Johanson Lars Bulut Christiane b k Turkic Iranian Contact Areas Historical and Linguistic Aspects Otto Harrassowitz Verlag ISBN 978 3447052764 Brizic Katharina Yagmur Kutlay 2008 Mapping linguistic diversity in an emigration and immigration context Case studies on Turkey and Austria in Barni Monica Extra Guus b k Mapping Linguistic Diversity in Multicultural Contexts Walter de Gruyter p 248 ISBN 978 3110207347 Brozba Gabriela 2010 Between Reality and Myth A Corpus based Analysis of the Stereotypic Image of Some Romanian Ethnic Minorities GRIN Verlag ISBN 978 3 640 70386 9 Bruce Anthony 2003 The Last Crusade The Palestine Campaign in the First World War John Murray ISBN 978 0719565052 Caǧaptay Soner 2006 Passage to Turkishness immigration and religion in modern Turkey in Gulalp Haldun b k Citizenship And Ethnic Conflict Challenging the Nation state Taylor amp Francis ISBN 978 0415368971 Caǧaptay Soner 2006a Islam Secularism and Nationalism in Modern Turkey Who is a Turk Taylor amp Francis ISBN 978 0415384582 Campbell George L 1998 Concise Compendium of the World s Languages Psychology Press ISBN 978 0415160490 Cassia Paul Sant 2007 Bodies of Evidence Burial Memory and the Recovery of Missing Persons in Cyprus Berghahn Books ISBN 978 1845452285 Chaurasia Radhey Shyam 2005 History Of Middle East Atlantic Publishers amp Dist ISBN 978 8126904488 Cleland Bilal 2001 The History of Muslims in Australia in Saeed Abdullah Akbarzadeh Shahram b k Muslim Communities in Australia University of New South Wales ISBN 978 0 86840 580 3 Clogg Richard 2002 Minorities in Greece Hurst amp Co Publishers ISBN 978 1 85065 706 4 Constantin Daniela L Goschin Zizi Dragusin Mariana 2008 Ethnic entrepreneurship as an integration factor in civil society and a gate to religious tolerance A spotlight on Turkish entrepreneurs in Romania Journal for the Study of Religions and Ideologies 7 20 28 41 Cornell Svante E 2001 Small Nations and Great Powers A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus Routledge ISBN 978 0 7007 1162 8 Council of Europe 2006 Documents working papers 2005 ordinary session second part 25 29 April 2005 Vol 3 Documents 10407 10449 10533 Council of Europe ISBN 92 871 5754 5 Damgaard P B aelakhna 9 May 2018 137 ancient human genomes from across the Eurasian steppes Nature 557 7705 369 373 Bibcode 2018Natur 557 369D doi 10 1038 s41586 018 0094 2 PMID 29743675 S2CID 13670282 subkhnemux 11 April 2020 Darke Diana 2011 Eastern Turkey Bradt Travel Guides ISBN 978 1841623399 Delibasi Melek 1994 The Era of Yunus Emre and Turkish Humanism Yunus Emre Spiritual Experience and Culture Universita Gregoriana ISBN 978 8876526749 Duiker William J Spielvogel Jackson J 2012 World History Cengage Learning ISBN 978 1111831653 Elsie Robert 2010 Historical Dictionary of Kosovo Scarecrow Press ISBN 978 0 8108 7231 8 Eminov Ali 1997 Turkish and other Muslim minorities in Bulgaria C Hurst amp Co Publishers ISBN 978 1 85065 319 6 Ergener Rashid Ergener Resit 2002 About Turkey Geography Economy Politics Religion and Culture Pilgrims Process ISBN 978 0971060968 Evans Thammy 2010 Macedonia Bradt Travel Guides ISBN 978 1 84162 297 2 Farkas Evelyn N 2003 Fractured States and U S Foreign Policy Iraq Ethiopia and Bosnia in the 1990s Palgrave Macmillan ISBN 978 1403963734 Faroqhi Suraiya 2005 Subjects Of The Sultan Culture And Daily Life In The Ottoman Empire I B Tauris ISBN 978 1850437604 Findley Carter V 2005 The Turks in World History Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0195177268 Fleet Kate 1999 European and Islamic Trade in the Early Ottoman State The Merchants of Genoa and Turkey Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0521642217 Friedman Victor A 2003 Turkish in Macedonia and Beyond Studies in Contact Typology and other Phenomena in the Balkans and the Caucasus Otto Harrassowitz Verlag ISBN 978 3447046404 Friedman Victor A 2006 Western Rumelian Turkish in Macedonia and adjacent areas in Boeschoten Hendrik Johanson Lars b k Turkic Languages in Contact Otto Harrassowitz Verlag ISBN 978 3447052122 Gogolin Ingrid 2002 Guide for the Development of Language Education Policies in Europe From Linguistic Diversity to Plurilingual Education PDF Council of Europe Gocek Fatma Muge 2011 The Transformation of Turkey Redefining State and Society from the Ottoman Empire to the Modern Era I B Tauris ISBN 978 1848856110 Hatay Mete 2007 PDF International Peace Research Institute ISBN 978 82 7288 244 9 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedim PDF emux 2014 01 01 subkhnemux 2022 02 09 Haviland William A Prins Harald E L Walrath Dana McBride Bunny 2010 Anthropology The Human Challenge Cengage Learning ISBN 978 0 495 81084 1 Hizmetli Sabri 1953 Osmanli Yonetimi Doneminde Tunus ve Cezayir in Egitim ve Kultur Tarihine Genel Bir Bakis PDF Ankara Universitesi Ilahiyat Fakultesi Dergisi 32 1 12 Hodoglugil Ugur Mahley Robert W 2012 Turkish Population Structure and Genetic Ancestry Reveal Relatedness among Eurasian Populations Annals of Human Genetics 76 2 128 141 doi 10 1111 j 1469 1809 2011 00701 x PMC 4904778 PMID 22332727 Home Affairs Committee 2011 Implications for the Justice and Home Affairs area of the accession of Turkey to the European Union PDF The Stationery Office ISBN 978 0 215 56114 5 Hopkins Liza 2011 A Contested Identity Resisting the Category Muslim Australian Immigrants amp Minorities 29 1 110 131 doi 10 1080 02619288 2011 553139 S2CID 145324792 Hussein Serkan 2007 Yesterday amp Today Turkish Cypriots of Australia Serkan Hussein ISBN 978 0 646 47783 1 Ihsanoglu Ekmeleddin 2005 Institutionalisation of Science in the Medreses of Pre Ottoman and Ottoman Turkey in Irzik Gurol Guzeldere Guven b k Turkish Studies in the History And Philosophy of Science Springer ISBN 978 1402033322 Ilican Murat Erdal 2011 Cypriots Turkish in Cole Jeffrey b k Ethnic Groups of Europe An Encyclopedia ABC CLIO ISBN 978 1598843026 Jawhar Raber Tal at 2010 The Iraqi Turkmen Front in Catusse Myriam Karam Karam b k Returning to Political Parties Co editions The Lebanese Center for Policy Studies pp 313 328 ISBN 978 1 886604 75 9 Johanson Lars 2001 Discoveries on the Turkic Linguistic Map PDF Stockholm Svenska Forskningsinstitutet i Istanbul Johanson Lars 2011 Multilingual states and empires in the history of Europe the Ottoman Empire in Kortmann Bernd Van Der Auwera Johan b k The Languages and Linguistics of Europe A Comprehensive Guide Volume 2 Walter de Gruyter ISBN 978 3110220254 Kaplan Robert D 2002 Who Are the Turks in Villers James b k Travelers Tales Turkey True Stories Travelers Tales ISBN 978 1885211828 Karpat Kemal H 2000 Historical Continuity and Identity Change or How to be Modern Muslim Ottoman and Turk in Karpat Kemal H b k Studies on Turkish Politics and Society Selected Articles and Essays BRILL ISBN 978 9004115620 Karpat Kemal H 2004 Studies on Turkish Politics and Society Selected Articles and Essays BRILL ISBN 978 9004133228 Kasaba Resat 2008 The Cambridge History of Turkey Turkey in the Modern World Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0 521 62096 3 Kasaba Resat 2009 A Moveable Empire Ottoman Nomads Migrants and Refugees University of Washington Press ISBN 978 0295989488 Kermeli Eugenia 2010 Byzantine Empire in Agoston Gabor Masters Bruce Alan b k Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire Infobase Publishing ISBN 978 1438110257 Khazanov Anatoly Michailovich 1995 After the USSR Ethnicity Nationalism and Politics in the Commonwealth of Independent States University of Wisconsin Press ISBN 978 0 299 14894 2 Kia Mehrdad 2011 Daily Life in the Ottoman Empire ABC CLIO ISBN 978 0313064029 Kirisci Kemal 2006 Migration and Turkey the dynamics of state society and politics in Kasaba Resat b k The Cambridge History of Turkey Turkey in the Modern World Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0521620963 Knowlton MaryLee 2005 Macedonia Marshall Cavendish ISBN 978 0 7614 1854 2 Koprulu Mehmet Fuat 1992 The Origins of the Ottoman Empire SUNY Press ISBN 978 0791408209 Kotter I Vonthein R Gunaydin I Muller C Kanz L Zierhut M Stubiger N 2003 Behcet s Disease in Patients of German and Turkish Origin A Comparative Study in Zouboulis Christos b k Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Volume 528 Springer ISBN 978 0 306 47757 7 Kurbanov Rafik Osman Ogly Kurbanov Erjan Rafik Ogly 1995 Religion and Politics in the Caucasus in Bourdeaux Michael b k The Politics of Religion in Russia and the New States of Eurasia M E Sharpe ISBN 978 1 56324 357 8 Kushner David 1997 Self Perception and Identity in Contemporary Turkey Journal of Contemporary History 32 2 219 233 doi 10 1177 002200949703200206 S2CID 159374632 Laczko Frank Stacher Irene von Koppenfels Amanda Klekowski 2002 New challenges for Migration Policy in Central and Eastern Europe Cambridge University Press p 187 ISBN 978 9067041539 Lee Joo Yup Kuang Shuntu 18 October 2017 A Comparative Analysis of Chinese Historical Sources and Y DNA Studies with Regard to the Early and Medieval Turkic Peoples Inner Asia 19 2 197 239 doi 10 1163 22105018 12340089 ISSN 2210 5018 subkhnemux 20 June 2020 Leiser Gary 2005 Turks in Meri Josef W b k Medieval Islamic Civilization Routledge p 837 ISBN 978 0415966900 Leveau Remy Hunter Shireen T 2002 Islam in France in Hunter Shireen b k Islam Europe s Second Religion The New Social Cultural and Political Landscape Greenwood Publishing Group ISBN 978 0275976095 Levine Lynn A 2010 Frommer s Turkey John Wiley amp Sons ISBN 978 0470593660 Li Tao aelakhna June 2020 Millet agriculture dispersed from Northeast China to the Russian Far East Integrating archaeology genetics and linguistics Archaeological Research in Asia Elsevier 22 100177 100177 doi 10 1016 j ara 2020 100177 Minahan James 2002 Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations L R Greenwood Publishing Group ISBN 978 0 313 32111 5 Meeker M E 1971 The Black Sea Turks Some Aspects of Their Ethnic and Cultural Background International Journal of Middle East Studies 2 4 318 345 doi 10 1017 s002074380000129x aelakhna 14 February 2020 Tracing population movements in ancient East Asia through the linguistics and archaeology of textile production Evolutionary Human Sciences 2 e5 doi 10 1017 ehs 2020 4 Ocak Ahmet Yacar 2012 Islam in Asia Minor in El Hareir Idris M Baye Ravane b k Different Aspects of Islamic Culture Vol 3 The Spread of Islam Throughout the World UNESCO ISBN 978 9231041532 Orhan Oytun 2010 PDF ORSAM khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedim PDF emux 3 March 2016 Ozkaya Abdi Noyan 2007 PDF Review of International Law and Politics 2 8 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedim PDF emux 24 January 2011 Ozturkmen Ali Duman Bilgay Orhan Oytun 2011 Suriye de degisim ortaya cikardigi toplum Suriye Turkmenleri ORSAM Pan Chia Lin 1949 The Population of Libya Population Studies 3 1 100 125 doi 10 1080 00324728 1949 10416359 Park Bill 2005 Turkey s policy towards northern Iraq problems and perspectives Taylor amp Francis ISBN 978 0 415 38297 7 Pentikainen Oskari Trier Tom 2004 Between Integration and Resettlement The Meskhetian Turks European Centre For Minority Issues Phillips David L 2006 Losing Iraq Inside the Postwar Reconstruction Fiasco Basic Books ISBN 978 0 465 05681 1 Phinnemore David 2006 The EU and Romania Accession and Beyond The Federal Trust for Education amp Research ISBN 978 1 903403 78 5 Polian Pavel 2004 Against Their will The History and Geography of Forced Migrations in the USSR Central European University Press ISBN 978 963 9241 68 8 Quataert Donald 2000 The Ottoman Empire 1700 1922 Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0521633284 Ryazantsev Sergey V 2009 Turkish Communities in the Russian Federation PDF International Journal on Multicultural Societies 11 2 155 173 1 January 2017 Austronesian influence and Transeurasian ancestry in Japanese Language Dynamics and Change 8 2 210 251 doi 10 1163 22105832 00702005 ISSN 2210 5832 subkhnemux 20 June 2020 2020 The Transeurasian homeland where what and when in Savelyev Alexander b k The Oxford Guide to the Transeurasian Languages ISBN 9780198804628 Saeed Abdullah 2003 Islam in Australia Allen amp Unwin ISBN 978 1 86508 864 8 Saunders John Joseph 1965 The Turkish Irruption A History of Medieval Islam Routledge ISBN 978 0415059145 Scarce Jennifer M 2003 Women s Costume of the Near and Middle East Routledge ISBN 978 0700715602 Seher Cesur Kilicaslan Terzioglu Gunsel 2012 Families Immigrating from Bulgaria to Turkey Since 1878 in Roth Klaus Hayden Robert b k Migration In From and to Southeastern Europe Historical and Cultural Aspects Volume 1 LIT Verlag Munster ISBN 978 3643108951 Shaw Stanford J 1976 History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey Volume 1 Empire of the Gazis The Rise and Decline of the Ottoman Empire 1280 1808 Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0521291637 Somel Selcuk Aksin 2003 Historical Dictionary of the Ottoman Empire Scarecrow Press ISBN 978 0810843325 Sosyal Levent 2011 Turks in Cole Jeffrey b k Ethnic Groups of Europe An Encyclopedia ABC CLIO ISBN 978 1598843026 Stansfield Gareth R V 2007 Iraq People History Politics Polity ISBN 978 0 7456 3227 8 Stavrianos Leften Stavros 2000 The Balkans Since 1453 C Hurst amp Co Publishers ISBN 978 1850655510 Stokes Jamie Gorman Anthony 2010a Turkic Peoples Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East Infobase Publishing ISBN 978 1438126760 Stokes Jamie Gorman Anthony 2010b Turks nationality Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East Infobase Publishing ISBN 978 1438126760 Taylor Scott 2004 Among the Others Encounters with the Forgotten Turkmen of Iraq Esprit de Corps Books ISBN 978 1 895896 26 8 Tomlinson Kathryn 2005 Living Yesterday in Today and Tomorrow Meskhetian Turks in Southern Russia in Crossley James G Karner Christian b k Writing History Constructing Religion Ashgate Publishing ISBN 978 0 7546 5183 3 Twigg Stephen Schaefer Sarah Austin Greg Parker Kate 2005 PDF The Foreign Policy Centre ISBN 978 1903558799 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedim PDF emux 9 July 2011 Uchiyama Junzo aelakhna 21 May 2020 Populations dynamics in Northern Eurasian forests a long term perspective from Northeast Asia Evolutionary Human Sciences 2 doi 10 1017 ehs 2020 11 Text may have been copied from this source which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4 0 International License UNHCR 1999a Background Paper on Refugees and Asylum Seekers from Azerbaijan PDF United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR 1999b Background Paper on Refugees and Asylum Seekers from Georgia PDF United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Whitman Lois 1990 Destroying ethnic identity the Turks of Greece Human Rights Watch ISBN 978 0 929692 70 8 Wolf Gazo Ernest 1996 Journal of American Studies of Turkey 3 15 42 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 2014 04 27 subkhnemux 6 March 2006 Yardumian Aram Schurr Theodore G 2011 Who Are the Anatolian Turks A Reappraisal of the Anthropological Genetic Evidence Anthropology amp Archeology of Eurasia 50 1 6 42 doi 10 2753 AAE1061 1959500101 S2CID 142580885 lingkesiy Yiangou Anastasia 2010 Cyprus in World War II Politics and Conflict in the Eastern Mediterranean I B Tauris ISBN 978 1848854369 Zeytinoglu Gunes N Bonnabeau Richard F Eskinat Rana 2012 Ethnopolitical Conflict in Turkey Turkish Armenians From Nationalism to Diaspora in Landis Dan Albert Rosita D b k Handbook of Ethnic Conflict International Perspectives Springer ISBN 978 1461404477 xanephim Algeria Embassy Trade Consultancy khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 29 September 2013 Community Profile Kosovo Turks Kosovo Communities Profile 2010 Organization for Security and Co operation in Europe 8 February 2011 PRESS RELEASE on the provisional results of the Population and Housing Census 2011 PDF Press release phasaormaeniy Romania Central Commission for the Census of Population and Housing February 2 2012 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedim PDF emux 2019 08 02 subkhnemux 2022 02 09 Report Europe Report N 210 International Crisis Group 9 December 2010 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 3 November 2011 Report Middle East Report N 81 International Crisis Group 13 November 2008 khlngkhxmulekaekbcakaehlngedimemux 12 January 2011 Population by ethnic groups regions counties and areas PDF Romania National Institute of Statistics 2002 The Report Algeria 2008 Oxford Business Group 2008 ISBN 978 1 902339 09 2 aehlngkhxmulxunwikimiediykhxmmxnsmisuxekiywkb chawturki bthkhwammnusy manusywithya aelaeruxngthiekiywkhxngniyngepnokhrng khunsamarthchwywikiphiediyidodykarephimetimkhxmuldk

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