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niepnmxdulthithukpxngknthawrenuxngcakmikhwamesiyngsung krunaxphipraykarepliynaeplngid thanghnakhuy khunxacsngkhakhxaekikh ipyngphuduaelrabbephuxihaekikhidhakepnkaraekikhthiimmikarkhdkhanhruxmikhwamehnphxngsnbsnun khunyngsamarthkhxihelikpxngknhnaidkhumuxkarichnganmxdul du aek prawti langaekhch mikarichmxdulnipraman 105 000 hna ephuxhlikeliyngphlkrathbkwangkhwangaelaldpharakhxngesirfewxr dngnnkxnaekikhmxdulnicungkhwrthdlxngthikrabathray hrux hruxinmxdulkrabathraykhxngkhunexngcnmnicwaimmikhxphidphlad xnung xphiprayekiywkbkaraekikhmxdulidthihnaxphipraykxnthicanaipichmikarichmxdulniinkhxkhwamrabb aelapraman 105 000 hna karaekikhxacthaihekidphlkrathbhruxsngektehnidepnwngkwang ephuxhlikeliyngphlkrathbkwangkhwangaelaldpharakhxngesirfewxr dngnnkxnaekikhmxdulnicungkhwrthdlxngthikrabathray hrux hruxinmxdulkrabathraykhxngkhunexngcnmnicwaimmikhxphidphladhnaxphipraykxnthicanaipichmxdulni epnxnenuxngmacakkarichnganodyhnacanwnmakhruxmikarbxykhrng karkxkwnhruxkhwamphidphladcakkaraekikhcasngphlkrathbtxhlay hna hruxaemaetkaraekikhelknxykxacthaihesirfewxridrbpharangancanwnmak cungtxngidrbkarpxngkncakkaraekikh This module is intended to provide access to basic string functions Most of the functions provided here can be invoked with named parameters unnamed parameters or a mixture If named parameters are used Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or trailing whitespace from the parameter Depending on the intended use it may be advantageous to either preserve or remove such whitespace Global options ignore errors If set to true or 1 any error condition will result in an empty string being returned rather than an error message error category If an error occurs specifies the name of a category to include with the error message The default category is 4 no category If set to true or 1 no category will be added if an error is generated Unit tests for this module are available at len This function returns the length of the target string Usage invoke String len i target string i OR invoke String len s i target string i Parameters s The string whose length to report Examples invoke String len abcdefghi 11 invoke String len s abcdefghi 9sub This function returns a substring of the target string at specified indices Usage invoke String sub i target string i i start index i i end index i OR invoke String sub s i target string i i i start index i j i end index i Parameters s The string to return a subset of i The first index of the substring to return defaults to 1 j The last index of the string to return defaults to the last character The first character of the string is assigned an index of 1 If either i or j is a negative value it is interpreted the same as selecting a character by counting from the end of the string Hence a value of 1 is the same as selecting the last character of the string If the requested indices are out of range for the given string an error is reported Examples invoke String sub abcdefghi abcdefghi invoke String sub s abcdefghi abcdefghi invoke String sub abcdefghi 3 bcdefghi invoke String sub s abcdefghi i 3 cdefghi invoke String sub abcdefghi 3 4 bc invoke String sub s abcdefghi i 3 j 4 cd sublength This function implements the features of str sub old and is kept in order to maintain these older templates It returns a substring of the target string starting at a specified index and of a specified length Usage invoke String sublength s i target string i i i start index i len i length i Parameters s The string i The starting index of the substring to return The first character of the string is assigned an index of 0 len The length of the string to return defaults to the last character Examples invoke String sublength s abcdefghi abcdefghi invoke String sublength s abcdefghi i 3 defghi invoke String sublength s abcdefghi i 3 len 4 defgmatch This function returns a substring from the source string that matches a specified pattern Usage invoke String match i source string i i pattern string i i start index i i match number i i plain flag i i nomatch output i OR invoke String match s i source string i pattern i pattern string i start i start index i match i match number i plain i plain flag i nomatch i nomatch output i Parameters s The string to search pattern The pattern or string to find within the string start The index within the source string to start the search The first character of the string has index 1 Defaults to 1 match In some cases it may be possible to make multiple matches on a single string This specifies which match to return where the first match is match 1 If a negative number is specified then a match is returned counting from the last match Hence match 1 is the same as requesting the last match Defaults to 1 plain Boolean flag indicating that pattern should be understood as plain text and not as a Scribunto ustring pattern a unicode friendly Lua style regular expression Defaults to false to change plain true nomatch If no match is found output the nomatch value rather than an error ignore errors If no match is found and ignore errors true output an empty string rather than an error If the match number or start index are out of range for the string being queried then this function generates an error An error is also generated if no match is found If one adds the parameter ignore errors true then the error will be suppressed and an empty string will be returned on any failure For information on constructing Lua patterns a form of regular expression see Scribunto patterns Scribunto Unicode string patterns Examples invoke String match abc123def456 d 123 invoke String match s abc123def456 pattern d 123 invoke String match abc123def456 d 6 23 invoke String match s abc123def456 pattern d start 6 3 invoke String match s abc123def456 pattern d start 6 match 2 456 invoke String match s abc123 d pattern d 123 invoke String match s abc123 d pattern d plain true d invoke String match s abc pattern d String Module Error Match not found invoke String match s abc pattern d nomatch No numeric characters in string No numeric characters in string invoke String match s abc pattern d ignore errors true invoke String match s 0012001200 pattern 0 d 12001200pos This function returns a single character from the target string at position pos Usage invoke String pos i target string i i index value i OR invoke String pos target i target string i pos i index value i Parameters target The string to search pos The index for the character to return The first character has an index value of 1 If one requests a negative value this function will select a character by counting backwards from the end of the string In other words pos 1 is the same as asking for the last character A requested value of zero or a value greater than the length of the string returns an error Examples invoke String pos abcdefghi 4 c invoke String pos target abcdefghi pos 4 dstr find This function duplicates the behavior of str find including all of its quirks This is provided in order to support existing templates but is NOT RECOMMENDED for new code and templates New code is recommended to use the find function instead Returns the first index in source that is a match to target Indexing is 1 based and the function returns 1 if the target string is not present in source Important Note If the target string is empty missing this function returns a value of 1 which is generally unexpected behavior and must be accounted for separately Usage invoke String find i source string i i target string i OR invoke String find source i source string i target i target string i Parameters source The string to search target The string to find within source Examples invoke String str find abc123def 1 invoke String str find source abc123def 1 invoke String str find abc123def 123 5 invoke String str find source abc123def target 123 4 invoke String str find abc123def not 1find This function allows one to search for a target string or pattern within another string Usage invoke String find i source string i i target string i i start index i i plain flag i OR invoke String find source i source string i target i target string i start i start index i plain i plain flag i Parameters source The string to search target The string or pattern to find within source start The index within the source string to start the search defaults to 1 plain Boolean flag indicating that target should be understood as plain text and not as a Scribunto ustring pattern a unicode friendly Lua style regular expression defaults to true This function returns the first index gt start where target can be found within source Indices are 1 based If target is not found then this function returns 0 If either source or target are missing empty this function also returns 0 This function should be safe for UTF 8 strings Examples invoke String find abc123def 12 4 invoke String find source abc123def target 12 4 invoke String find source abc123def target pqr 0 invoke String find abc123def 123 5 invoke String find source abc123def target 123 4 invoke String find source abc123def target d start 3 plain false 4 When using unnamed parameters preceding and trailing spaces are kept and counted invoke String find abc123def c false 5 invoke String find source abc123def target c plain false 3 invoke string find abc 123 def s plain false 4replace gsub This function allows one to replace a target string or pattern within another string To Lua programmers this function works internally by calling string gsub Usage invoke String replace i source str i i pattern string i i replace string i i replacement count i i plain flag i OR invoke String replace source i source string i pattern i pattern string i replace i replace string i count i replacement count i plain i plain flag i Parameters source The string to search pattern The string or pattern to find within source replace The replacement text count The number of occurrences to replace defaults to all plain Boolean flag indicating that pattern should be understood as plain text and not as a Scribunto ustring pattern a unicode friendly Lua style regular expression defaults to true Examples invoke String replace abc123def456 123 N abcNdef456 invoke String replace source abc123def456 pattern 123 replace N abcNdef456 invoke String replace abc123def456 d N 1 false abcNdef456 invoke String replace source abc123def456 pattern d replace N count 1 plain false abcNdef456 invoke String replace source abc123def456 pattern d replace N plain false abcNdefN invoke String replace source 0012001200 pattern 0 plain false 12001200rep Repeats a string n times A simple function to pipe string rep to templates Usage invoke String rep i source i i count i Parameters source The string to repeat count The number of repetitions Examples invoke String rep hello 3 hellohellohello invoke String rep hello 3 hello hello hello escapePattern In a Lua pattern changes a class character into a literal character For example in a pattern character catches any character escapePattern will convert it to catching just the literal character Usage invoke String escapePattern i pattern string i Parameters pattern string The pattern string to escape Examples invoke String escapePattern A D A D invoke String escapePattern 10 10 count Counts the number of times a given pattern appears in the arguments that get passed on to this module Usage invoke String count i source str i i pattern string i i plain flag i OR invoke String count source i source string i pattern i pattern string i plain i plain flag i Parameters source string The string to count occurrences in pattern The string or pattern to count occurrences of within source plain Boolean flag indicating that pattern should be understood as plain text and not as a Scribunto ustring pattern a unicode friendly Lua style regular expression defaults to true Examples Count of a invoke String count aabbcc a 2 Count of either a or c invoke String count aabbcc ac plain false 4 Count of not a invoke String count aaabaaac a plain false 2 Count of starts with a invoke String count aaabaaac a plain false 1 join Joins all strings passed as arguments into one string treating the first argument as a separator Usage invoke String join i separator i i string1 i i string2 i Parameters separator String that separates each string being joined together Note that leading and trailing spaces are not stripped from the separator string1 string2 Strings being joined together Examples invoke String join x foo bar baz fooxbarxbaz invoke String join a b c d e f g abcdefg invoke String join a b c d e f g a b c d e f g invoke String join a b c d e f g a b c d e f g invoke String join a b c d e f g a b c d e f g The preceding example uses the html entity amp ndash but the unicode character also works endswith Usage invoke String endswith i source str i i pattern string i OR invoke String endswith source i source string i pattern i pattern string i Returns yes if the source string ends with the pattern string Both strings are trimmed before use invoke String endswith xxxyyy y yes invoke String endswith xxxyyy z See also Module String2 for functions to convert the capitalisation of strings to upper lower sentence or title case Module Ustring using this module khumuxkarichnganthipraktdanbnnidungmacak mxdul String doc aek prawti phuekhiynsamarththakarthdlxngidthikrabathray aek dukhwamaetktang aelachudthdsxb srang khxngmxdulni hnayxykhxngmxdulni This module is intended to provide access to basic string functions Most of the functions provided here can be invoked with named parameters unnamed parameters or a mixture If named parameters are used Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or trailing whitespace from the parameter Depending on the intended use it may be advantageous to either preserve or remove such whitespace Global options ignore errors If set to true or 1 any error condition will result in an empty string being returned rather than an error message error category If an error occurs specifies the name of a category to include with the error message The default category is Category Errors reported by Module String no category If set to true or 1 no category will be added if an error is generated Unit tests for this module are available at Module String tests local str len This function returns the length of the target string Usage invoke String len target string OR invoke String len s target string Parameters s The string whose length to report If invoked using named parameters Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or trailing whitespace from the target string function str len frame local new args str getParameters frame args s local s new args s or return mw ustring len s end sub This function returns a substring of the target string at specified indices Usage invoke String sub target string start index end index OR invoke String sub s target string i start index j end index Parameters s The string to return a subset of i The fist index of the substring to return defaults to 1 j The last index of the string to return defaults to the last character The first character of the string is assigned an index of 1 If either i or j is a negative value it is interpreted the same as selecting a character by counting from the end of the string Hence a value of 1 is the same as selecting the last character of the string If the requested indices are out of range for the given string an error is reported function str sub frame local new args str getParameters frame args s i j local s new args s or local i tonumber new args i or 1 local j tonumber new args j or 1 local len mw ustring len s Convert negatives for range checking if i lt 0 then i len i 1 end if j lt 0 then j len j 1 end if i gt len or j gt len or i lt 1 or j lt 1 then return str error String subset index out of range end if j lt i then return str error String subset indices out of order end return mw ustring sub s i j end This function implements that features of str sub old and is kept in order to maintain these older templates function str sublength frame local i tonumber frame args i or 0 local len tonumber frame args len return mw ustring sub frame args s i 1 len and i len end match This function returns a substring from the source string that matches a specified pattern It is exported for use in other modules Usage strmatch require Module String match sresult strmatch s pattern start match plain nomatch Parameters s The string to search pattern The pattern or string to find within the string start The index within the source string to start the search The first character of the string has index 1 Defaults to 1 match In some cases it may be possible to make multiple matches on a single string This specifies which match to return where the first match is match 1 If a negative number is specified then a match is returned counting from the last match Hence match 1 is the same as requesting the last match Defaults to 1 plain A flag indicating that the pattern should be understood as plain text Defaults to false nomatch If no match is found output the nomatch value rather than an error For information on constructing Lua patterns a form of regular expression see http www lua org manual 5 1 manual html 5 4 1 http www mediawiki org wiki Extension Scribunto Lua reference manual Patterns http www mediawiki org wiki Extension Scribunto Lua reference manual Ustring patterns This sub routine is exported for use in other modules function str match s pattern start match index plain flag nomatch if s then return str error Target string is empty end if pattern then return str error Pattern string is empty end start tonumber start or 1 if math abs start lt 1 or math abs start gt mw ustring len s then return str error Requested start is out of range end if match index 0 then return str error Match index is out of range end if plain flag then pattern str escapePattern pattern end local result if match index 1 then Find first match is simple case result mw ustring match s pattern start else if start gt 1 then s mw ustring sub s start end local iterator mw ustring gmatch s pattern if match index gt 0 then Forward search for w in iterator do match index match index 1 if match index 0 then result w break end end else Reverse search local result table local count 1 for w in iterator do result table count w count count 1 end result result table count match index end end if result nil then if nomatch nil then return str error Match not found else return nomatch end else return result end end match This function returns a substring from the source string that matches a specified pattern Usage invoke String match source string pattern string start index match number plain flag nomatch output OR invoke String match s source string pattern pattern string start start index match match number plain plain flag nomatch nomatch output Parameters s The string to search pattern The pattern or string to find within the string start The index within the source string to start the search The first character of the string has index 1 Defaults to 1 match In some cases it may be possible to make multiple matches on a single string This specifies which match to return where the first match is match 1 If a negative number is specified then a match is returned counting from the last match Hence match 1 is the same as requesting the last match Defaults to 1 plain A flag indicating that the pattern should be understood as plain text Defaults to false nomatch If no match is found output the nomatch value rather than an error If invoked using named parameters Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or trailing whitespace from each string In some circumstances this is desirable in other cases one may want to preserve the whitespace If the match number or start index are out of range for the string being queried then this function generates an error An error is also generated if no match is found If one adds the parameter ignore errors true then the error will be suppressed and an empty string will be returned on any failure For information on constructing Lua patterns a form of regular expression see http www lua org manual 5 1 manual html 5 4 1 http www mediawiki org wiki Extension Scribunto Lua reference manual Patterns http www mediawiki org wiki Extension Scribunto Lua reference manual Ustring patterns This is the entry point for invoke String match function str match frame local new args str getParameters frame args s pattern start match plain nomatch local s new args s or local start tonumber new args start or 1 local plain flag str getBoolean new args plain or false local pattern new args pattern or local match index math floor tonumber new args match or 1 local nomatch new args nomatch return str match s pattern start match index plain flag nomatch end pos This function returns a single character from the target string at position pos Usage invoke String pos target string index value OR invoke String pos target target string pos index value Parameters target The string to search pos The index for the character to return If invoked using named parameters Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or trailing whitespace from the target string In some circumstances this is desirable in other cases one may want to preserve the whitespace The first character has an index value of 1 If one requests a negative value this function will select a character by counting backwards from the end of the string In other words pos 1 is the same as asking for the last character A requested value of zero or a value greater than the length of the string returns an error function str pos frame local new args str getParameters frame args target pos local target str new args target or local pos tonumber new args pos or 0 if pos 0 or math abs pos gt mw ustring len target str then return str error String index out of range end return mw ustring sub target str pos pos end str find This function duplicates the behavior of str find including all of its quirks This is provided in order to support existing templates but is NOT RECOMMENDED for new code and templates New code is recommended to use the find function instead Returns the first index in source that is a match to target Indexing is 1 based and the function returns 1 if the target string is not present in source Important Note If the target string is empty missing this function returns a value of 1 which is generally unexpected behavior and must be accounted for separatetly function str str find frame local new args str getParameters frame args source target local source str new args source or local target str new args target or if target str then return 1 end local start mw ustring find source str target str 1 true if start nil then start 1 end return start end find This function allows one to search for a target string or pattern within another string Usage invoke String find source str target string start index plain flag OR invoke String find source source str target target str start start index plain plain flag Parameters source The string to search target The string or pattern to find within source start The index within the source string to start the search defaults to 1 plain Boolean flag indicating that target should be understood as plain text and not as a Lua style regular expression defaults to true If invoked using named parameters Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or trailing whitespace from the parameter In some circumstances this is desirable in other cases one may want to preserve the whitespace This function returns the first index gt start where target can be found within source Indices are 1 based If target is not found then this function returns 0 If either source or target are missing empty this function also returns 0 This function should be safe for UTF 8 strings function str find frame local new args str getParameters frame args source target start plain local source str new args source or local pattern new args target or local start pos tonumber new args start or 1 local plain new args plain or true if source str or pattern then return 0 end plain str getBoolean plain local start mw ustring find source str pattern start pos plain if start nil then start 0 end return start end replace This function allows one to replace a target string or pattern within another string Usage invoke String replace source str pattern string replace string replacement count plain flag OR invoke String replace source source string pattern pattern string replace replace string count replacement count plain plain flag Parameters source The string to search pattern The string or pattern to find within source replace The replacement text count The number of occurences to replace defaults to all plain Boolean flag indicating that pattern should be understood as plain text and not as a Lua style regular expression defaults to true function str replace frame local new args str getParameters frame args source pattern replace count plain local source str new args source or local pattern new args pattern or local replace new args replace or local count tonumber new args count local plain new args plain or true if source str or pattern then return source str end plain str getBoolean plain if plain then pattern str escapePattern pattern replace mw ustring gsub replace Only need to escape replacement sequences end local result if count nil then result mw ustring gsub source str pattern replace count else result mw ustring gsub source str pattern replace end return result end simple function to pipe string rep to templates function str rep frame local repetitions tonumber frame args 2 if not repetitions then return str error function rep expects a number as second parameter received frame args 2 or end return string rep frame args 1 or repetitions end escapePattern This function escapes special characters from a Lua string pattern See 1 for details on how patterns work 1 https www mediawiki org wiki Extension Scribunto Lua reference manual Patterns Usage invoke String escapePattern pattern string Parameters pattern string The pattern string to escape function str escapePattern frame local pattern str frame args 1 if not pattern str then return str error No pattern string specified end local result str escapePattern pattern str return result end count This function counts the number of occurrences of one string in another function str count frame local args str getParameters frame args source pattern plain local source args source or local pattern args pattern or local plain str getBoolean args plain or true if plain then pattern str escapePattern pattern end local count mw ustring gsub source pattern return count end endswith This function determines whether a string ends with another string function str endswith frame local args str getParameters frame args source pattern local source args source or local pattern args pattern or if pattern then All strings end with the empty string return yes end if mw ustring sub source mw ustring len pattern 1 pattern then return yes else return end end join Join all non empty arguments together the first argument is the separator Usage invoke String join sep one two three function str join frame local args local sep for v in ipairs frame args do if sep then if v then table insert args v end else sep v end end return table concat args sep or end Helper function that populates the argument list given that user may need to use a mix of named and unnamed parameters This is relevant because named parameters are not identical to unnamed parameters due to string trimming and when dealing with strings we sometimes want to either preserve or remove that whitespace depending on the application function str getParameters frame args arg list local new args local index 1 local value for arg in ipairs arg list do value frame args arg if value nil then value frame args index index index 1 end new args arg value end return new args end Helper function to handle error messages function str error error str local frame mw getCurrentFrame local error category frame args error category or Errors reported by Module String local ignore errors frame args ignore errors or false local no category frame args no category or false if str getBoolean ignore errors then return end local error str lt strong class error gt String Module Error error str lt strong gt if error category and not str getBoolean no category then error str Category error category error str end return error str end Helper Function to interpret boolean strings function str getBoolean boolean str local boolean value if type boolean str string then boolean str boolean str lower if boolean str false or boolean str no or boolean str 0 or boolean str then boolean value false else boolean value true end elseif type boolean str boolean then boolean value boolean str else error No boolean value found end return boolean value end Helper function that escapes all pattern characters so that they will be treated as plain text function str escapePattern pattern str return mw ustring gsub pattern str 1 end return str