34 59 29 N 135 46 13 E 34 991459 N 135 770333 E 34 991459 135 770333 ม ม ซ กะ ม ม ซ กะ ญ ป น 耳塚 โรมาจ Mimizuka ท บศ พท ส

34°59′29″N 135°46′13″E / 34.991459°N 135.770333°E / 34.991459; 135.770333

มิมิซูกะ (ญี่ปุ่น: 耳塚; โรมาจิ: Mimizuka; : "สุสานหู") หรือ ฮานะซูกะ (ญี่ปุ่น: 鼻塚; โรมาจิ: Hanazuka; : "สุสานจมูก" เป็นอนุสรณ์ในเกียวโต ประเทศญี่ปุ่น สร้างขึ้นเพื่อระลึกถึงจมูกที่ถูกตัดจากทหารกับพลเมืองเกาหลี และทหารชาวจีนหมิง ถูกสังหาร และตัดเอาจมูกไปในฐานะในระวห่าง ภายใต้เนินดินของมิมิซูกะเป็นที่ฝังจมูกจำนวน 38,000 ชิ้นของผู้ที่ถูกฆาตกรรมในสมัยการรุกรานของโทโยโทมิ ฮิเดโยชิแล้วถูกส่งมายังเกียวโต สุสานนี้ตั้งอยูทางตะวันตกของ ศาลเจ้าชินโตที่บูชาฮิเดโยชิ

อ้างอิง

Cho, Chung-hwa (1996). Dashi ssunum imjin waeran-sa (A Revelation of the History of the Imjin War). Seoul: Hakmin-sa. According to Cho Chung-hwa, this name change was made by the government-sponsored scholar Hayashi Rasan (1583–1657) in the early years of the Tokugawa era.
Hawley, Samuel (2005). The Imjin War: Japan's Sixteenth Century Invasion of Korea and Attempt to Conquer China. Royal Asiatic Society. p. 501. ISBN .
The Inseparable Trinity: Japan's Relations with China and Korea, (in The Cambridge History of Japan. Vol. 4, Early Modern Japan). Cambridge University Press. 1991. pp. 235–300. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521223553.007.
Turnbull, Stephen (2002). Samurai Invasion: Japan's Korean War 1592–1598. Cassell. pp. 230. ISBN . Motoyama Yasumasa's account does not fail to mention that many of the noses and ears interred therein were not of fighting soldiers but ordinary civilians, because `Men and women, down to newborn infants, all were wiped out, none was left alive. Their noses were sliced off and pickled in salt.'
See Turnbull, Stephen (2002), p. 230. In Motoyama Buzen no kami Yasumasa oyako senko oboegaki, in Zoku gunsho ruiju Series (Zoku Gunsho Ruiju Kanseikai), 1933, p. 391
See Turnbull, Stephen (2002), p. 222. "the site is now marked by a massive burial mound containing the remains of more than 30,000 Ming troops killed by the Japanese and interred here without their noses, because these important trophies were to be amongst the last contributions to be lodged with Kyoto's Mimizuka."
Sansom, George; Sir Sansom; George Bailey (1961). A History of Japan, 1334–1615. Stanford studies in the civilizations of eastern Asia. Stanford University Press. pp. 360. ISBN . Visitors to Kyoto used to be shown the Minizuka or Ear Tomb, which contained, it was said, the noses of those 38,000, sliced off, suitably pickled, and sent to Kyoto as evidence of victory.
Saikaku, Ihara; Gordon Schalow, Paul (1990). The Great Mirror of Male Love. Stanford Nuclear Age Series. Stanford University Press. pp. 324. ISBN . The Great Mirror of Male Love. "Mimizuka, meaning "ear tomb", was the place Toyotomi Hideyoshi buried the noses taken as proof of enemy dead during his brutal invasions of Korea in 1592 and 1597.
Kristof, Nicholas D. (September 14, 1997). "Japan, Korea and 1597: A Year That Lives in Infamy". The New York Times. New York. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-09-22.

[Chochunghwa-1] Cho, Chung-hwa (1996). Dashi ssunum imjin waeran-sa (A Revelation of the History of the Imjin War). Seoul: Hakmin-sa. According to Cho Chung-hwa, this name change was made by the government-sponsored scholar Hayashi Rasan (1583–1657) in the early years of the Tokugawa era.

[Hawley-2] Hawley, Samuel (2005). The Imjin War: Japan's Sixteenth Century Invasion of Korea and Attempt to Conquer China. Royal Asiatic Society. p. 501. ISBN .

[Elisonas-3] The Inseparable Trinity: Japan's Relations with China and Korea, (in The Cambridge History of Japan. Vol. 4, Early Modern Japan). Cambridge University Press. 1991. pp. 235–300. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521223553.007.

[Turnbull-4] Turnbull, Stephen (2002). Samurai Invasion: Japan's Korean War 1592–1598. Cassell. pp. 230. ISBN . Motoyama Yasumasa's account does not fail to mention that many of the noses and ears interred therein were not of fighting soldiers but ordinary civilians, because `Men and women, down to newborn infants, all were wiped out, none was left alive. Their noses were sliced off and pickled in salt.'

[Turnbull230-5] See Turnbull, Stephen (2002), p. 230. In Motoyama Buzen no kami Yasumasa oyako senko oboegaki, in Zoku gunsho ruiju Series (Zoku Gunsho Ruiju Kanseikai), 1933, p. 391

[Turnbull222-6] See Turnbull, Stephen (2002), p. 222. "the site is now marked by a massive burial mound containing the remains of more than 30,000 Ming troops killed by the Japanese and interred here without their noses, because these important trophies were to be amongst the last contributions to be lodged with Kyoto's Mimizuka."

[Sansom-7] Sansom, George; Sir Sansom; George Bailey (1961). A History of Japan, 1334–1615. Stanford studies in the civilizations of eastern Asia. Stanford University Press. pp. 360. ISBN . Visitors to Kyoto used to be shown the Minizuka or Ear Tomb, which contained, it was said, the noses of those 38,000, sliced off, suitably pickled, and sent to Kyoto as evidence of victory.

[8] Saikaku, Ihara; Gordon Schalow, Paul (1990). The Great Mirror of Male Love. Stanford Nuclear Age Series. Stanford University Press. pp. 324. ISBN . The Great Mirror of Male Love. "Mimizuka, meaning "ear tomb", was the place Toyotomi Hideyoshi buried the noses taken as proof of enemy dead during his brutal invasions of Korea in 1592 and 1597.

[kristof-9] Kristof, Nicholas D. (September 14, 1997). "Japan, Korea and 1597: A Year That Lives in Infamy". The New York Times. New York. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-09-22.